Congruent or conflicted? The impact of injunctive and descriptive norms on environmental intentions

By Joanne R Smith, Winnifred R. Louis, D. Terry, Katharine H. Greenaway, M R Clarke, Xiaoliang Cheng. 2012

315 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Subfields: Applied Psychology, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Sociology and Political Science

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/221225d36e7a7abbfd9ce1aed790722e30ed1687

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Citations in the corpus

Impact of social/personal norms and willingness to sacrifice on young vacationers’ pro-environmental intentions for waste reduction and recycling (2018, methodology): “In particular, two items for descriptive social norm and two items for injunctive social norm were adopted from Han and Hwang (2017) and Smith et al. (2012).”
Environmentally active people: the role of autonomy, relatedness, competence and self-determined motivation (2016, background): “Social group norms have been linked to environmental behaviour in several studies (e.g. McDonald, Fielding, and Louis 2012; Smith et al. 2012) and in one study, energy reduction in the workplace was greater when information about energy reduction was communicated by a peer (workmate) instead of some”
The Psychology of Environmental Decisions (2014, background): “(114) demonstrate that, although the perception that others approve of engaging in pro-environmental behavior encourages action, the perception that others are not acting (a descriptive norm of inaction) diminishes the motivating effects of positive injunctive norms.”
Social norms and pro-environmental behavior: A review of the evidence (2017, background): “Smith et al. (2012)show that the power of each type of norm on behavior depends on the degree to which they are in alignment, and Bicchieri and Xiao (2009) ﬁ nd that when these two norms are in con ﬂ ict, descriptive norms are predictive of behavior, whereas injunctive norms are only predictive of…”
Household energy use: Applying behavioural economics to understand consumer decision-making and behaviour (2015, background): “Extensive research supports the efficacy of social normative information for motivating pro-social and altruistic behaviour, including energy conservation [14,138–147].”
Personal and social factors that influence pro-environmental concern and behaviour: a review. (2014, background): “The exceptions to this trend seem to be in China, © 2014 International Union of Psychological Science where the above pattern was observed in domestic environmental behaviours (e.g., recycling), whereas outside the home (e.g., environmental organization donations) no gender differences were exhibite”
Exploring Beliefs About Bottled Water and Intentions to Reduce Consumption The Dual-Effect of Social Norm Activation and Persuasive Information (2015, background): “…Goldstein, & Griskevicius, 2007) and numerous (field) experiments have demonstrated the potential of leveraging social pressure in the context of environmental behavior (e.g., Cialdini, 2003; De Groot, Abrahamse, & Jones, 2013; Griskevicius, Cialdini, & Goldstein, 2008; Smith et al., 2012).”
Organisational sustainability policies and employee green behaviour: The mediating role of work climate perceptions (2014, background): “For example, social norms indicating that most people do not litter can influence behaviour by suggesting that littering has negative social consequences (Cialdini et al., 1990; Keizer, Lindenberg, & Steg, 2008; Smith et al., 2012).”