BEAT: the Behavior Expression Animation Toolkit

By Justine Cassell, Hannes Högni Vilhjálmsson, Timothy W. Bickmore. Life-like characters, 2001

1,013 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Subfields: Artificial Intelligence, Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Control and Systems Engineering

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/1b3b0f715da1d2988d078c53636730fa6a9769ad

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Citations in the corpus

Learning Individual Styles of Conversational Gesture (2019, methodology): “Notably, [9] synthesized gestures using natural language processing of spoken text, and Neff [32] proposed a system for making person-specific gestures.”
A domain-independent framework for modeling emotion (2004, methodology): “The BEAT system is used to synchronize the gestures with the production of phonemes and visemes ( Cassell, Vilhjalmsson, & Bickmore, 2001 ).”
Synthesizing multimodal utterances for conversational agents (2004, methodology): “Once activated, the LMP completes the trajectory formation by (1) inserting a preparatory guiding stroke, (2) checking each guiding stroke for collisions with the torso (approximated by a bounding box) and replacing it, if necessary, with circumventing guiding strokes, (3) setting up all position co”
Establishing the computer-patient working alliance in automated health behavior change interventions. (2005, methodology): “All agent nonverbal behavior (including hand gestures, eyebrow raises, gaze cues, posture shifts, and head nods, in addition to the relational behavior) was automatically generated and synchronized with synthetic speech using the BEAT text-to-embodied-speech system [55].”
Speech gesture generation from the trimodal context of text, audio, and speaker identity (2020, methodology): “e typical automatic generation method is rule-based generation (Cassell et al. 2004; Kopp et al. 2006; Marsella et al. 2013).”
Interactive control of avatars animated with human motion data (2002, background): “(Top) The user controls the avatar’s motion using sketched paths in maze and rough terrain environments.”
Establishing and maintaining long-term human-computer relationships (2005, methodology): “This behavior was determined for each utterance using the BEAT text-to-embodiedspeech system [Cassell et al. 2001b], with several enhancements to support the exercise dialogues.”
SmartBody: behavior realization for embodied conversational agents (2008, methodology): “The specific problem of synthesizing realistic behaviors for conversational characters has been also addressed by several researchers [26, 27, 28, 29].”
A review of verbal and non-verbal human-robot interactive communication (2014, background): “Apart from McNeills seminal psychological work [127], a deﬁnitive reference to gestures, communication, and their relation to language, albeit regarding virtual avatar Embodied Conversational Assistants (ECA), can be found in Justine Cassells work, including [138], [139].”