Neutrophil extracellular traps: Is immunity the second function of chromatin?
By V. Brinkmann, Arturo Zychlinsky. Journal of Cell Biology, 2012
987 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are made of processed chromatin bound to granular and selected cytoplasmic proteins. NETs are released by white blood cells called neutrophils, maybe as a last resort, to control microbial infections. This release of chromatin is the result of a unique form of cell death, dubbed “NETosis.” Here we review our understanding of how NETs are made, their function in infections and as danger signals, and their emerging importance in autoimmunity and coagulation.
Subfields: Immunology
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0c48b8459bb3c3b12bc33e81699260493f2f7a2b
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In Immunology
- Guido Kroemer
- L. Galluzzi
- Arturo Zychlinsky
- V. Brinkmann
- V. Papayannopoulos
- L. Zitvogel
- Simone Fulda
- Junying Yuan
Citations in the corpus
- Staphylococcus aureus toxins (2013, background): “Possibly, nucleases may decrease the antibacterial activity of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), which consist of DNA released from lysed neutrophils [49].”
- SK3 channel and mitochondrial ROS mediate NADPH oxidase-independent NETosis induced by calcium influx (2015, background): “NETs are made of DNA and are decorated with antimicrobial proteins and peptides (2, 3).”
- Molecular mechanisms of cell death: recommendations of the Nomenclature Committee on Cell Death 2018 (2018, background): “Thus, the NCCD recommends to avoid the use of the term NETosis when no experimental evidence in support of cell death (vs, NET extrusion only) is available.”
- Diverse novel functions of neutrophils in immunity, inflammation, and beyond (2013, background): “…visualized during bacterial infection in vivo (Yipp et al., 2012; McDonald et al., 2012), the contribution of NET formation to antibacterial host defense and killing is still under intensive debate (Brinkmann and Zychlinsky, 2012; Menegazzi et al., 2012; Nauseef, 2012; Parker et al., 2012a).”
- A Myeloperoxidase-Containing Complex Regulates Neutrophil Elastase Release and Actin Dynamics during NETosis (2014, background): “Patients and animals carrying mutations in the genes required for NET formation are more susceptible to infections (Brinkmann and Zychlinsky, 2012).”
- Diverse stimuli engage different neutrophil extracellular trap pathways (2017, background): “There is a genuine need to identify NET inhibitors to alleviate or prevent many diseases including cystic fibrosis, thrombosis, malaria and sepsis (Kaplan and Radic, 2012; Brinkmann and Zychlinsky, 2012).”