Maternal undernutrition during the preimplantation period of rat development causes blastocyst abnormalities and programming of postnatal hypertension.

By W. Kwong, A. Wild, P. Roberts, A. Willis, T. Fleming. Development, 2000

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Child health, developmental plasticity, and epigenetic programming. (2011, background): “5 d of the pregnancy before blastocyst implantation can induce nutritional programming and an altered phenotype of the offspring (458).”
The Developmental Origins of Adult Disease (2004, background): “easy to produce lifelong changes in the blood pressure and metabolism of a fetus by minor modifications to the diet of the mother before and during pregnancy [19,20].”
Early life events and their consequences for later disease: A life history and evolutionary perspective (2007, background): “Equally, some cues may act very early in development— there is, for example, experimental evidence that changing the maternal environment in the pre-implantation period can have long-term effects on metabolic and cardiovascular function (Kwong et al., 2000).”
Dietary protein restriction of pregnant rats induces and folic acid supplementation prevents epigenetic modification of hepatic gene expression in the offspring. (2005, unknown): “Although the adverse effects of environmental insults in early life have been documented extensively in epidemiologic studies (1), in whole animals [reviewed in (3)], specific cell types (5), and early embryos (6) the underlying molecular mechanism has not been identified.”