Food groups and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies
By L. Schwingshackl, G. Hoffmann, Anna-Maria Lampousi, S. Knüppel, Khalid Iqbal, C. Schwedhelm, A. Bechthold, S. Schlesinger, H. Boeing. European Journal of Epidemiology, 2017
678 citations recorded by the source corpus.
The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to synthesize the knowledge about the relation between intake of 12 major food groups and risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). We conducted a systematic search in PubMed, Embase, Medline (Ovid), Cochrane Central, and Google Scholar for prospective studies investigating the association between whole grains, refined grains, vegetables, fruits, nuts, legumes, eggs, dairy, fish, red meat, processed meat, and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) on risk of T2D. Summary relative risks were estimated using a random effects model by contrasting categories, and for linear and non-linear dose–response relationships. Six out of the 12 food-groups showed a significant relation with risk of T2D, three of them a decrease of risk with increasing consumption (whole grains, fruits, and dairy), and three an increase of risk with increasing consumption (red meat, processed meat, and SSB) in the linear dose–response meta-analysis. There was evidence of a non-linear relationship between fruits, vegetables, processed meat, whole grains, and SSB and T2D risk. Optimal consumption of risk-decreasing foods resulted in a 42% reduction, and consumption of risk-increasing foods was associated with a threefold T2D risk, compared to non-consumption. The meta-evidence was graded “low” for legumes and nuts; “moderate” for refined grains, vegetables, fruit, eggs, dairy, and fish; and “high” for processed meat, red meat, whole grains, and SSB. Among the investigated food groups, selecting specific optimal intakes can lead to a considerable change in risk of T2D.
Subfields: Genetics, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/079eb1ab19b75fe72137cb41fcb5c502c3b01a1f
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Citations in the corpus
- Food groups and risk of coronary heart disease, stroke and heart failure: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies (2019, neutral): “…populations suffering from chronic disease; (2) studies reporting only fatal outcomes, since mortality was included in a previous meta-analysis (Schwingshackl et al. 2017c); (3) studies aggregating outcomes as total CVD, and not reporting on CHD, stroke or HF separately; (4) when a study…”
- Environmental/lifestyle factors in the pathogenesis and prevention of type 2 diabetes (2017, background): “(relative risk increase by 44% to three-fold [14, 15])”