Microglial activation and dopamine terminal loss in early Parkinson's disease

By Y. Ouchi, E. Yoshikawa, Y. Sekine, M. Futatsubashi, T. Kanno, Tomomi Ogusu, T. Torizuka. Annals of Neurology, 2005

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Microglial Activation & Chronic Neurodegeneration (2010, background): “glia are also present in the SN of living PD patients and are associated with DA neuron damage.(124,125) Thus, evidence”
Alternatively activated microglia and macrophages in the central nervous system. (2015, background): “This compound has been tested in patients with different neurological disorders such as Parkinson’s disease, dementia, multiple system atrophy and Huntington’s disease (Pavese et al., 2006; Ouchi et al., 2005; Gerhard et al., 2003; Cicchetti et al., 2002; Cagnin et al., 2001).”
Differential Roles of M1 and M2 Microglia in Neurodegenerative Diseases (2015, background): “component in PD pathogenesis that shows inversely correlated with the DA neuron survival in patients [5].”
Microglia-mediated neurotoxicity: uncovering the molecular mechanisms (2007, result): “In early stage Parkinson's disease, PET showed an increase of microglial activation, where the level of activation was inversely correlated with density of DA terminals (measured with a dopamine transport marker) and was positively correlated with motor impairmen”