Course in General Linguistics

By F. Saussure. 1960

Introduction to the Bloomsbury Revelations Edition Preface to the First Edition Preface to the Second Edition Preface to the Third Edition Editor's Introduction, Roy Harris Introduction 1. A Brief Survey of the History of Linguistics 2. Data and Aims of Linguistics: Connexions with Related Sciences 3. The Object of Study 4. Linguistics of Language Structure and Linguistics of Speech 5. Internal and External Elements of a Language 6. Representation of a Language by Writing 7. Physiological Phonetics Appendix: Principles of Physiological Phonetics 1. Sound Types 2. Sounds in Spoken Sequences Part One: General Principles 1. Nature of the Linguistic Sign 2. Invariability and Variability of the Sign 3. Static Linguistics and Evolutionary Linguistics Part Two: Synchronic Linguistics 1. General Observations 2. Concrete Entities of a Language 3. Identities, Realities, Values 4. Linguistic Value 5. Syntagmatic Relations and Associative Relations 6. The Language Mechanism 7. Grammar and Its Subdivisions 8. Abstract Entities in Grammar Part Three: Diachronic Linguistics 1. General Observations 2. Sound Changes 3. Grammatical Consequences of Phonetic Evolution 4. Analogy 5. Analogy and Evolution 6. Popular Etymology 7. Agglutination 8. Diachronic Units,Identities and Realities Appendices Part Four: Geographical Linguistics 1. On the Diversity of Languages 2. Geographical Diversity: Its Complexity 3. Causes of Geographical Diversity 4. Propagation of Linguistic Waves Part Five: Questions of Retrospective Linguistics Conclusion 1. The Two Perspectives of Diachronic Linguistics 2. Earliest Languages and Prototypes 3. Reconstructions 4. Linguistic Evidence in Anthropology and Prehistory 5. Language Families and Linguistic Types Index

Subfields: Linguistics

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Citations in the corpus

A Survey on Neural Speech Synthesis (2021, background): “Developing a TTS system requires knowledge about languages and human speech production, and involves multiple disciplines including linguistics [61], acoustics [166], digital signal processing [314], and machine learning [25, 143].”
Relational Knowledge Distillation (2019, background): “Saussure’s concept of the relational identity of signs is at the heart of structuralist theory; “In a language, as in every other semiological system, what distinguishes a sign is what constitutes it” [30].”
An Experimental Study of the Emergence of Human Communication Systems (2005, background): “…of the complex processes that interleaved the cognitive abilities of many individuals, over many generations, into a socially shared set of conventional behaviors and artifacts (A. Clark, 1997; de Saussure, 1916/1983; Hutchins, 1995; Millikan, 1984, 2004; Tomasello, 1999; Wittgenstein, 1953).”
Lexical dynamics for low-frequency complex words: A regression study across tasks and modalities (2007, unknown): “The hypothesis explored in the present study is that this is accomplished predominantly on the basis of two kinds of information in lexical memory: Syntagmatic information on the one hand, and paradigmatic information on the other (cf. De Saussure, 1916 (1966); Hay & Baayen, 2005).”