Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Alpha Target Genes

By M. Rakhshandehroo, Bianca Knoch, Michael Müller, S. Kersten. PPAR Research, 2010

1,174 citations recorded by the source corpus.

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) is a ligand-activated transcription factor involved in the regulation of a variety of processes, ranging from inflammation and immunity to nutrient metabolism and energy homeostasis. PPARα serves as a molecular target for hypolipidemic fibrates drugs which bind the receptor with high affinity. Furthermore, PPARα binds and is activated by numerous fatty acids and fatty acid-derived compounds. PPARα governs biological processes by altering the expression of a large number of target genes. Accordingly, the specific role of PPARα is directly related to the biological function of its target genes. Here, we present an overview of the involvement of PPARα in lipid metabolism and other pathways through a detailed analysis of the different known or putative PPARα target genes. The emphasis is on gene regulation by PPARα in liver although many of the results likely apply to other organs and tissues as well.

Subfields: Biochemistry, Molecular Biology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/fe08a552c14d5a05ab6b2645fc4b73fa97103c79

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Citations in the corpus

Towards Fish Lipid Nutrigenomics: Current State and Prospects for Fin-Fish Aquaculture (2008, background): “A number of studies (reviewed in Mandard et al., 2004) have demonstrated that PPARα regulates genes involved in fatty acid oxidation, amino acid metabolism, and glucose homeostasis.”
Mechanisms of Hepatic Triglyceride Accumulation in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (2013, positive): “PPARa is a fatty acid-activated nuclear hormone receptor that plays a central role in the transcriptional regulation of lipid and glucose metabolism [49].”
Recent advances in 2D and 3D in vitro systems using primary hepatocytes, alternative hepatocyte sources and non-parenchymal liver cells and their use in investigating mechanisms of hepatotoxicity, cell signaling and ADME (2013, positive): “The PPARs act as regulators of hepatic lipid metabolism and adipogenesis (Rakhshandehroo et al. 2010; Pyper et al. 2010; Siersbaek et al. 2010).”
A general introduction to the biochemistry of mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation (2010, background): “Activation of PPARα and PPARβ by (dietary) fatty acids such as oleic acid makes tissues more dependent on FAO, by stimulating cellular fatty acid utilisation pathways including transport, esterification, and oxidation (Mandard et al. 2004).”
Integrated physiology and systems biology of PPARα (2014, background): “Detailed map of PPARa-mediated gene regulation Gene expression analysis of livers of PPARa / mice at the level of individual genes or the entire genome via transcriptomics has indicated that PPARa governs many aspects of hepatic lipid metabolism, providing a molecular basis for the pronounced metabo”
Mechanisms of activation of the transcription factor Nrf2 by redox stressors, nutrient cues, and energy status and the pathways through which it attenuates degenerative disease (2015, positive): “Hepatic lipid metabolism is largely regulated by the nuclear receptor PPARa, which controls the expression of genes involved in lipid transport, β-oxidation of fatty acids, ketogenesis, lipogenesis, lipid mobilization, and cholesterol metabolism, some examples of which are shown in Table 3[379].”