Diet dominates host genotype in shaping the murine gut microbiota

By Rachel N. Carmody, G. Gerber, J. Luévano, Daniel M. Gatti, Lisa Somes, K. Svenson, Peter J. Turnbaugh. Cell Host and Microbe, 2014

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SUMMARY Mammals exhibit marked inter-individual variations in their gut microbiota, but it remains unclear if this is primarily driven by host genetics or by extrinsic factors like dietary intake. To address this, we examined the effect of dietary perturbations on the gut microbiota of five inbred mouse strains, mice deficient for genes relevant to host-microbial interactions (MyD88−/−, NOD2−/−, ob/ob, and Rag1−/−), and >200 outbred mice. In each experiment, consumption of a high-fat, high-sugar diet reproducibly altered the gut microbiota despite differences in host genotype. The gut microbiota exhibited a linear dose response to dietary perturbations, taking an average of 3.5 days for each diet-responsive bacterial groups to reach a new steady state. Repeated dietary shifts demonstrated that most changes to the gut microbiota are reversible, while also uncovering bacteria whose abundance depends on prior consumption. These results emphasize the dominant role that diet plays in shaping inter-individual variations in host-associated microbial communities.

Subfields: Infectious Diseases, Molecular Biology, Physiology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/fc33a9f61c8b2fb6c961cf6ec0b1679841177544

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Citations in the corpus

Next-Generation Beneficial Microbes: The Case of Akkermansia muciniphila (2017, background): “muciniphila upon the ingestion of a high-fat high sucrose diet (Anhe et al., 2015; Carmody et al., 2015).”
Dietary Fiber Confers Protection against Flu by Shaping Ly6c− Patrolling Monocyte Hematopoiesis and CD8+ T Cell Metabolism (2018, background): “Dietary fiber content can shape the composition of the gut microbiota (Carmody et al., 2015; De Filippo et al., 2010; Holscher et al., 2015; Martı́nez et al., 2010; Trompette et al., 2014).”
The Central Nervous System and the Gut Microbiome (2016, background): “, 2016), diet (Carmody et al., 2015; David et al., 2014), lifestyle (Allen et al.”
The healthy human microbiome (2016, background): “Among possible drivers of this variation, diet has been suggested as an important contributor [67], along with other factors including geography, early-life exposures, and genetics [29, 71].”