Pax3 and Pax7 have distinct and overlapping functions in adult muscle progenitor cells

By F. Relaix, D. Montarras, S. Zaffran, Barbara Gayraud-Morel, D. Rocancourt, S. Tajbakhsh, A. Mansouri, A. Cumano, Margaret E. Buckingham. Journal of Cell Biology, 2006

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The growth and repair of skeletal muscle after birth depends on satellite cells that are characterized by the expression of Pax7. We show that Pax3, the paralogue of Pax7, is also present in both quiescent and activated satellite cells in many skeletal muscles. Dominant-negative forms of both Pax3 and -7 repress MyoD, but do not interfere with the expression of the other myogenic determination factor, Myf5, which, together with Pax3/7, regulates the myogenic differentiation of these cells. In Pax7 mutants, satellite cells are progressively lost in both Pax3-expressing and -nonexpressing muscles. We show that this is caused by satellite cell death, with effects on the cell cycle. Manipulation of the dominant-negative forms of these factors in satellite cell cultures demonstrates that Pax3 cannot replace the antiapoptotic function of Pax7. These findings underline the importance of cell survival in controlling the stem cell populations of adult tissues and demonstrate a role for upstream factors in this context.

Subfields: Molecular Biology, Surgery

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/fbd1b48526894bea1e564458adad44fb875d0bca

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Citations in the corpus

An absolute requirement for Pax7-positive satellite cells in acute injury-induced skeletal muscle regeneration (2011, background): “, 2006), increased apoptosis (Relaix et al., 2006) and reduced myogenic capacity (Oustanina et al.”
Satellite cells and the muscle stem cell niche. (2013, background): “With regard to gene expression, it was first observed that only a subset of satellite cells expresses Pax3, a close paralog to Pax7 (350, 431).”
The Skeletal Muscle Satellite Cell: The Stem Cell That Came in From the Cold (2006, background): “It has been suggested that this same cell population later generates satellite cells, certainly during the postnatal period (Kassar-Duchossoy et al. 2005; Relaix et al. 2005) with similar observations made in chicken (Gros et al. 2005).”
Satellite cells are essential for skeletal muscle regeneration: the cell on the edge returns centre stage (2012, neutral): “Various markers distinguish between satellite cell populations [e.g. activity of the Pax3 locus (Relaix et al., 2006)], but it is often difficult to link this to different functional abilities.”
Pax7 and myogenic progression in skeletal muscle satellite cells (2006, methodology): “Murine Pax7 cDNA (Relaix et al., 2006) was then cloned in”
Reversal of cancer cachexia and muscle wasting by ActRIIB antagonism leads to prolonged survival. (2010, methodology): “To test whether ActRIIB antagonism may activate satellite cells in normal and atrophied muscles, we performed in vivo BrdU labeling and analyzed the cross-sections ofmuscles for sActRIIB-induced changes in BrdU staining and in satellite cell markers, Pax7 and M-cadherin (Kuang & Rudnicki, 2008; Moor”
microRNA-1 and microRNA-206 regulate skeletal muscle satellite cell proliferation and differentiation by repressing Pax7 (2010, positive): “Mouse genetics and cell culture studies reveal that Pax7 is required for satellite cell survival, proliferation, and to prevent precocious differentiation of myogenic progenitor cells (Oustanina et al., 2004; Kuang et al., 2006; Relaix et al., 2006; Zammit et al., 2006).”
Pax7-expressing satellite cells are indispensable for adult skeletal muscle regeneration (2011, background): “In skeletal muscle, satellite cells specifically express the Pax7 gene, which is essential for their maintenance in the perinatal (Kuang et al., 2006; Oustanina et al., 2004; Relaix et al., 2006; Seale et al., 2000), but not adult (Lepper et al.”