Role of vascular endothelial growth factor in physiologic and pathologic angiogenesis: therapeutic implications.

By N. Ferrara. Seminars in Oncology, 2002

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Inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling in cancer causes loss of endothelial fenestrations, regression of tumor vessels, and appearance of basement membrane ghosts. (2004, background): “One approach to blocking angiogenesis involves inhibition of VEGF.(4,13) VEGF and its receptors, VEGFR-1 (flt-1) and VEGFR-2 (flk-1/KDR), play key roles in the formation and growth of normal blood vessels and in tumor angiogenesis.”
Benefits of targeting both pericytes and endothelial cells in the tumor vasculature with kinase inhibitors. (2003, positive): “This proposition could be tested clinically with Avastin (41) and other inhibitors of Two distinctive vascular cell types in tumors present complementary targets for anticancer drugs.”
Cancer as an overhealing wound: an old hypothesis revisited (2008, background): “The functional importance of VEGFA for cancer growth has been demonstrated in numerous studies, and VEGFA antagonists have been approved for the treatment of different types of human cance”