Motivated Reasoning and Public Opinion Perception

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Fact-Checking: A Meta-Analysis of What Works and for Whom (2019, background): “In line with the motivated reasoning literature (Kunda, 1990; Nir, 2011), the effects of fact-checking on beliefs are quite weak and gradually become negligible the more the study design resembles a real-world scenario of exposure to fact-checking.”
Priming critical thinking: Simple interventions limit the influence of fake news about climate change on Facebook (2019, background): “People tend to be motivated to protect their beliefs from evidence to the contrary and may, therefore, align themselves with information that confirms what they already believe to be true or right (Kunda, 1990; Nir, 2011).”
Political Parties, Motivated Reasoning, and Public Opinion Formation (2014, background): “These two categories of goals have also been referred to as accuracy and partisan (Taber & Lodge, 2006), cognition and evaluation (Nir, 2011), accuracy and defensive (Hart et al.”
Monitoring the Opinion of the Crowd: Psychological Mechanisms Underlying Public Opinion Perceptions on Social Media (2017, background): “Within an ongoing debate of whether the projection bias is based on cognitive (availability heuristic) or motivational processes (social motivations; for an overview see Dvir-Gvirsman, 2015b; Zhang & Reid, 2013), previous research has identified a series of boundary conditions of this perception bia”