Mitochondria are the powerhouses of immunity

By E. Mills, B. Kelly, Luke A. O'Neill. Nature Immunology, 2017

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Strengthening the Immune System and Reducing Inflammation and Oxidative Stress through Diet and Nutrition: Considerations during the COVID-19 Crisis (2020, background): “Glutamine is an energy substrate for macrophages, neutrophils, and lymphocytes, needed for pathogen-identification through the proliferation of immune cells and the repair of tissues [118].”
Glutamine: Metabolism and Immune Function, Supplementation and Clinical Translation (2018, background): “Itaconate has anti-inflammatory properties through activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) via Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1) alkylation [97].”
The NLRP3 inflammasome in acute myocardial infarction (2018, background): “ADHF (2016) Acute decompensated systolic HF with CRP >5 mg/l (30) Randomized, double-blind trial assessing anakinra versus placebo for 2 weeks (100 mg given twice daily for 3 days, then once daily for 2 weeks) • Reduction in CRP levels at 72 h and 14 days with anakinra • Trend towards favourable eff”