Evidence for a co-moving sub-stellar companion of GQ Lup

By R. Neuhäuser, E. Guenther, G. Wuchterl, M. Mugrauer, A. Bedalov, Peter Hauschildt. 2005

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We present a companion of the ≤2 Myr young classical T Tauri star GQ Lup in the Lupus star forming region at 140 ± 50 pc from imaging, astrometry, and spectroscopy. With direct K-band imaging using VLT/NACO, we detected an object 6 mag fainter than GQ Lup located 0.7 �� west of it. Compared to images obtained 2 to 5 years earlier with Subaru/CIAO and HST/PC, this object shares the proper motion of GQ Lup by 5 and 7σ, respectively, hence it is a co-moving companion. Its K −Lcolor is consistent with a spectral type early to mid L. Our NACO K-band spectrum yields spectral type M9−L4 with H2O and CO absorption, consistent with the new GAIA-Dusty template spectrum for log g � 2t o 3a ndTeff � 2000 K with ∼2 Rjup radius at ∼140 pc, hence few Jupiter masses. Using the theoretical models from Wuchterl & Tscharnuter (2003), Burrows et al. (1997), and Baraffe et al. (2002), the mass lies between 1 and 42 Jupiter masses.

Subfields: Astronomy and Astrophysics

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/eeff1ac09d8cf2bef3a696e1812eb8ef4f7b9add

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In Astronomy and Astrophysics

Citations in the corpus

NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY OF THE EXTRASOLAR PLANET HR 8799 b (2010, background): “…limit (∼13 MJup) are revealing the physical properties of very low mass objects through direct imaging and spectroscopy (e.g., AB Pic B: Chauvin et al. 2005, Bonnefoy et al. 2010; GQ Lup B: Neuhauser et al. 2005, McElwain et al. 2007, Lavigne et al. 2009; see Table 1 of Zuckerman & Song 2009).”
High-Contrast Imaging from Space: Speckle Nulling in a Low-Aberration Regime (2005, methodology): “…(2MASSWJ1207334 393254)withNACO (association of NAOS [Nasmyth Adaptive Optics System] and CONICA [High Resolution Near Infrared Camera]) at VLT (Very Large Telescope), whereas Neuhäuser et al. (2005) have collected evidence for an EGP companion to the T Tauri star GQ Lup using VLT NACO as well.”
Stellar Multiplicity (2013, background): “…discovered a small number of planetary-mass companions (∼ 4–20 MJup) at distances of & 100AU from young stars in nearby star-forming regions (Chauvin et al. 2004, Ireland et al. 2011, Lafrenière, Jayawardhana & van Kerkwijk 2008, Luhman et al. 2006, Neuhäuser et al. 2005, Schmidt et al. 2008).”
Catalog of Nearby Exoplanets (2006, methodology): “Two other planet candidates were detected by direct imaging, 2M1207 b (Chauvin et al. 2004), and GQ Lup b (Neuhäuser et al. 2005).”
Direct Imaging and Spectroscopy of a Planetary-Mass Candidate Companion to a Young Solar Analog (2008, background): “…stars younger than ∼30 Myr; several of them (e.g. CHXR 73 B, Luhman et al. 2006; AB Pic B, Chauvin et al. 2005; DH Tau B, Itoh et al. 2005; GQ Lub B, Neuhäuser et al. 2005) have masses slightly above the deuterium burning limit of 13MJupiter, which is often used as a boundary to differentiate…”
The Gemini Deep Planet Survey (2007, background): “…(Mohanty et al. 2007; Chauvin et al. 2005a, 2004), a∼25 MJup companion 100 AU from the T Tauri star GQ Lup (Marois et al. 2007a; Seifahrt et al. 2007; Neuhäuser et al. 2005), a ∼12MJup companion 210 AU from the young star CHXR 73 (Luhman et al. 2006), a∼25 MJup companion 240 AU from the young BD…”
On the Luminosity of Young Jupiters (2006, methodology): “Using a different set of models, with presumably higher initial entropies, the discoverers claimed a lower mass limit of 1MJ. Neuhäuser et al. (2005) arrived at their low mass estimate by relying on evolution models of Wuchterl & Tscharnuter (2003) that attempt to connect the initial conditions to…”
Photometric characterization of exoplanets using angular and spectral differential imaging (2010, methodology): “…planetary mass regime have been imaged with existing instruments, such as 2M 1207 b (Chauvin et al. 2005), DH Tau B (Itoh et al. 2005), GQ Lup b (Neuhäuser et al. 2005), AB Pic b (Chauvin et al. 2005), CHXR 73 B (Luhman et al. 2006), and more recently Fomalhaut b (Kalas et al. 2008), 1RXS…”