Sterile inflammation: sensing and reacting to damage

By Grace Y. Chen, G. Núñez. Nature reviews. Immunology, 2010

2,949 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Over the past several decades, much has been revealed about the nature of the host innate immune response to microorganisms, with the identification of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and pathogen-associated molecular patterns, which are the conserved microbial motifs sensed by these receptors. It is now apparent that these same PRRs can also be activated by non-microbial signals, many of which are considered as damage-associated molecular patterns. The sterile inflammation that ensues either resolves the initial insult or leads to disease. Here, we review the triggers and receptor pathways that result in sterile inflammation and its impact on human health.

Subfields: Immunology, Molecular Biology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/ecc0e7ccec243d3412e5a1ad96c82cf4b1c3a3df

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Citations in the corpus

Acute Chorioamnionitis and Funisitis: Definition, Pathologic Features, and Clinical Significance (2015, background): “The precise nature of the danger signals in sterile intraamniotic inflammation and corresponding cases of FIRS has not been elucidated; yet, it is possible that this may result from insults that trigger cell death (eg, necrosis, pyroptosis).(308,310,311,314,316,318)”
Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns in Inflammatory Diseases (2018, background): “Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are molecules released upon cellular stress or tissue injury and are regarded as endogenous danger signals, because they induce potent inflammatory responses by activating the innate immune system during non-infectious inflammation (6,7).”
The neutrophil in vascular inflammation (2011, background): “Non-pattern-recognition receptors including receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), CD44 and CD91 can also contribute to the onset of inflammation in several models of sterile injury [65] [66] [67] .”
DAMPs, PAMPs, and LAMPs in Immunity and Sterile Inflammation. (2020, positive): “F or p er so na l u se o nl y. Table 1 Noninfectious (or sterile) immunostimulatory molecular patternsa Molecular pattern Receptor Physiological purpose Potential role in immune-mediated disease or treatment Intracellular DAMPs cDAMPs (nucleus) Double-stranded DNA TLR9 (128), AIM2 (129, 130) Damage ”
Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells (MSCs): Role as Guardians of Inflammation. (2012, background): “(4) The net effect is to decrease the amplification of the proinflammatory signals by parenchymal cells through the secretion of IL-6, CXCL1, and related factors and as a result to decrease the recruitment of neutrophils.”
Microglia and neurodegeneration: The role of systemic inflammation (2013, background): “…activation, although in general the evidence for these processes is much stronger for acute insults such as stroke and indeed substantia nigra cell death induced by mito- chondrial toxins (Gao et al., 2011b), where significant necrosis and release of cellular contents occurs (Chen and Nunez, 2010).”