Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells (MSCs): Role as Guardians of Inflammation.

By D. Prockop, Joo Youn Oh. Molecular Therapy, 2012

795 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Recent observations have demonstrated that one of the functions of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) is to serve as guardians against excessive inflammatory responses. One mode of action of the cells is that they are activated to express the interleukin (IL)-1 receptor antagonist. A second mode of action is to create a negative feedback loop in which tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and other proinflammatory cytokines from resident macrophages activate MSCs to secrete the multifunctional anti-inflammatory protein TNF-α stimulated gene/protein 6 (TSG-6). The TSG-6 then reduces nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling in the resident macrophages and thereby modulates the cascade of proinflammatory cytokines. A third mode of action is to create a second negative feedback loop whereby lipopolysaccharide, TNF-α, nitric oxide, and perhaps other damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) from injured tissues and macrophages activate MSCs to secrete prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). The PGE2 converts macrophages to the phenotype that secretes IL-10. There are also suggestions that MSCs may produce anti-inflammatory effects through additional modes of action including activation to express the antireactive oxygen species protein stanniocalcin-1.

Subfields: Cancer Research, Genetics

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/b9982073d8907dbcffe427b440e9756e77303817

How researchers see this paper

The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.

In Cancer Research

1. W. Fibbe
2. Maria Ester Bernardo

In Genetics

1. J. Karp
2. W. Fibbe
3. Maria Ester Bernardo

Citations in the corpus

• Harnessing the Mesenchymal Stem Cell Secretome for the Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease (2012, background): “In addition, MSCs exert immunomodulatory effects by inducing neighboring cells to secrete relevant cytokines (Aggarwal and Pittenger, 2005; François et al., 2012; Németh et al., 2009; Prockop and Oh, 2012), which may be useful in inhibiting excessive inflammation and pathological remodeling under MI”
• Mesenchymal stromal cells: sensors and switchers of inflammation. (2013, positive): “Recent findings have demonstrated thatMSCs actively interact with components of the innate immune system and that, through these interactions, they display both anti-inflammatory and proinflammatory effects (Keating, 2012; Le Blanc and Mougiakakos, 2012; Prockop and Oh, 2012).”