Women Who Objectify Other Women: The Vicious Circle of Objectification?

By Peter Strelan, Duane A. Hargreaves. 2005

257 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Subfields: Clinical Psychology, Gender Studies, Marketing

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/ec23647508b5ffb8d2bb3cef07fbf4209a8c68d7

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Citations in the corpus

Seeing women as objects: The sexual body part recognition bias (2012, background): “…suggestion is consistent with existing sexual objectification studies (Bernard et al., 2012a; Gervais, Vescio, & Allen, 2011b; Grabe, Routledge, Cook, Andersen, & Arndt, 2005; Heflick & Goldenberg, 2009; Heflick et al., 2010; Strelan & Hargreaves, 2005, Vaes et al., 2011, see also Förster, 2010).”
Examining Objectification Theory (2008, background): “…has found that the more women selfobjectify, the more they objectify other women (r = .69, p < .001), although not to the degree exhibited by men; that is, men were found to objectify women significantly more than women objectify other women, t(127) = 2.26, p < .05 (Strelan & Hargreaves, 2005).”
Tests of Objectification Theory in Gay, Lesbian, and Heterosexual Community Samples: Mixed Evidence for Proposed Pathways (2011, background): “However, men are most frequently the ones doing the gazing (see Fredrickson and Roberts 1997; Strelan and Hargreaves 2005) and the male gaze appears to have a greater impact on women’s self-objectification (Calogero 2004).”
Predictors and Effects of Self-Objectification in Lesbians (2008, background): “Women may borrow the male gaze and use it to evaluate and objectify other women (Strelan & Hargreaves, 2005).”
Too Sexualized to be Taken Seriously? Perceptions of a Girl in Childlike vs. Sexualizing Clothing (2012, background): “answers, as individuals who are high in self-objectification are more likely to objectify others (Strelan and Hargreaves 2005).”
Oppressive Beliefs at Play: Associations among Beauty Ideals and Practices and Individual Differences in Sexism, Objectification of Others, and Media Exposure (2010, methodology): “Traditionally, objectification was viewed primarily in terms of the male gaze directed at women (McKee, 2005), but recent research has highlighted the fact that both men and women objectify others (Strelan & Hargreaves, 2005).”
The Mediating Role of Appearance Comparisons in the Relationship Between Media Usage and Self-Objectification in Young Women (2015, result): “This perspective is consistent with the circle of objectification proposed by Strelan and Hargreaves (2005), which suggests that women who self-objectify seek out appearance comparisons and these comparisons in turn lead to greater self-objectification.”
My Eyes Are Up Here: The Nature of the Objectifying Gaze Toward Women (2013, background): “In a study conducted with Australian undergraduates, for example, Strelan and Hargreaves (2005) found that individual differences in selfobjectification (i.e., regarding one’s own appearance attributes as more important than non-appearance attributes), predicted other-objectification (i.e.,…”
Does Exposure to Sexual Hip-Hop Music Videos Influence the Sexual Attitudes of College Students? (2009, result): “This is an important distinction from other studies that present female participants with objectified female images, and then assess self-objectification or their objectification of other women (e.g., Monro & Huon, 2005; Strelan & Hargreaves, 2005).”
Being a Body: Women’s Appearance Related Self-Views and their Dehumanization of Sexually Objectified Female Targets (2012, unknown): “Recently, Strelan and Hargreaves (2005) found that such a reduced self-view had clear implications for the way others (especially women) were perceived.”
Sexual Objectification of Women: Advances to Theory and Research 1ψ7 (2011, background): “However, we recognize that research shows that men and masculinity are increasingly also subjected to SO, in ways both similar and dissimilar from women (Bordo, 1999; Hebl, King, & Lin, 2004; Kilbourne, 1999; Rohlinger, 2002; Strelan & Hargreaves, 2005a).”
When What You See Is What You Get (2011, background): “Although most researchers have focused on women’s sexual objectification experiences, men are increasingly sexually objectified in the media (Bordo, 1999; Kilbourne & Pipher, 1999; Rohlinger, 2002) and by other people (Strelan & Hargreaves, 2005).”
Revisiting the Jezebel Stereotype (2018, background): “Further, given the theoretical argument that a circle of objectification exists among women (e.g., Strelan & Hargreaves, 2005), and research showing that women do indeed objectify other women (Puvia & Vaes, 2013; Strelan & Hargreaves, 2005), we included men and women participants in both studies.”