Timing of food intake predicts weight loss effectiveness

By M. Garaulet, P. Gómez‐Abellán, J. Alburquerque-Bejar, Yu-Chi Lee, J. Ordovás, F. Scheer. International Journal of Obesity, 2013

609 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Background:There is emerging literature demonstrating a relationship between the timing of feeding and weight regulation in animals. However, whether the timing of food intake influences the success of a weight-loss diet in humans is unknown.Objective:To evaluate the role of food timing in weight-loss effectiveness in a sample of 420 individuals who followed a 20-week weight-loss treatment.Methods:Participants (49.5% female subjects; age (mean±s.d.): 42±11 years; BMI: 31.4±5.4 kg m−2) were grouped in early eaters and late eaters, according to the timing of the main meal (lunch in this Mediterranean population). 51% of the subjects were early eaters and 49% were late eaters (lunch time before and after 1500 hours, respectively), energy intake and expenditure, appetite hormones, CLOCK genotype, sleep duration and chronotype were studied.Results:Late lunch eaters lost less weight and displayed a slower weight-loss rate during the 20 weeks of treatment than early eaters (P=0.002). Surprisingly, energy intake, dietary composition, estimated energy expenditure, appetite hormones and sleep duration was similar between both groups. Nevertheless, late eaters were more evening types, had less energetic breakfasts and skipped breakfast more frequently that early eaters (all; P<0.05). CLOCK rs4580704 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) associated with the timing of the main meal (P=0.015) with a higher frequency of minor allele (C) carriers among the late eaters (P=0.041). Neither sleep duration, nor CLOCK SNPs or morning/evening chronotype was independently associated with weight loss (all; P>0.05).Conclusions:Eating late may influence the success of weight-loss therapy. Novel therapeutic strategies should incorporate not only the caloric intake and macronutrient distribution—as is classically done—but also the timing of food.

Subfields: Endocrine and Autonomic Systems, Physiology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/e4c08abc2b299d0dbccf705ae21520f218a0a5ec

How researchers see this paper

The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.

In Endocrine and Autonomic Systems

1. Luigi Fontana
2. Linda Partridge
3. E. Ravussin

In Physiology

1. Luigi Fontana
2. Linda Partridge
3. C. Peterson
4. E. Ravussin
5. K. Early
6. W. Cefalu
7. R. Beyl
8. Elizabeth F Sutton

Citations in the corpus

• Promoting Health and Longevity through Diet: from Model Organisms to Humans (2015, positive): “An isocaloric reduction of fat intake only during the night is sufficient to prevent obesity in these animals (Hatori et al., 2012), suggesting that altered meal pattern alone could be used to prevent certain metabolic diseases (Garaulet et al., 2013; Jakubowicz et al., 2013).”
• Early Time-Restricted Feeding Improves Insulin Sensitivity, Blood Pressure, and Oxidative Stress Even without Weight Loss in Men with Prediabetes. (2018, positive): “2 Cell Metabolism 27, 1–10, June 5, 2018 also reduces hunger (Garaulet et al., 2013; Gill and Panda, 2015; Jakubowicz et al., 2013a, 2013b; Jakubowicz et al., 2015; Keim et al., 1997; Ruiz-Lozano et al., 2016).”