A Primer on Effectiveness and Efficacy Trials
By Amit G. Singal, P. Higgins, A. Waljee. Clinical and Translational Gastroenterology, 2014
664 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Although efficacy and effectiveness studies are both important when evaluating interventions, they serve distinct purposes and have different study designs. Unfortunately, the distinction between these two types of trials is often poorly understood. In this primer, we highlight several differences between these two types of trials including study design, patient populations, intervention design, data analysis, and result reporting.
Subfields: Epidemiology, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Surgery
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/dfa44bc5d7902fe57b9b7882e7522b9b1de0f9dc
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In Epidemiology
Citations in the corpus
- The Influence of Attrition in Evaluating the Efficacy and Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Interventions (2016, background): “However, since efficacy and effectiveness exist within a continuum rather than dichotomously (Singal et al. 2014), it is possible for a single study to explore both efficacy and effectiveness of a treatment (Rohde et al.”
- Improving Methodological Standards in Behavioral Interventions for Cognitive Enhancement (2019, background): “However, unlike efficacy studies—which focus on results obtained under a set of carefully controlled circumstances—effectiveness studies examine whether significant real-world impact is observed when the intervention is used in less than ideally controlled settings (e.g., in the “real-world”; Fritz ”
- A literature review on the representativeness of randomized controlled trial samples and implications for the external validity of trial results (2015, background): “As it is challenging to simultaneously optimize internal and external validity, efficacy data from traditional explanatory RCTs are often complemented by evidence from pragmatic trials (including pragmatic RCTs) or observational studies that determine the performance of an intervention under conditi”