Differential innate immune signalling via Ca2+ sensor protein kinases

By Marie Boudsocq, M. Willmann, Matthew McCormack, Horim Lee, Libo Shan, Ping He, Jenifer Bush, Shu-Hua Cheng, Jen Sheen. Nature, 2010

838 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Innate immunity represents the first line of inducible defence against microbial infection in plants and animals. In both kingdoms, recognition of pathogen- or microbe-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs or MAMPs, respectively), such as flagellin, initiates convergent signalling pathways involving mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades and global transcriptional changes to boost immunity. Although Ca2+ has long been recognized as an essential and conserved primary mediator in plant defence responses, how Ca2+ signals are sensed and relayed into early MAMP signalling is unknown. Using a functional genomic screen and genome-wide gene expression profiling, here we show that four calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are Ca2+-sensor protein kinases critical for transcriptional reprogramming in plant innate immune signalling. Unexpectedly, CDPKs and MAPK cascades act differentially in four MAMP-mediated regulatory programs to control early genes involved in the synthesis of defence peptides and metabolites, cell wall modifications and redox signalling. Transcriptome profile comparison suggests that CDPKs are the convergence point of signalling triggered by most MAMPs. Double, triple and quadruple cpk mutant plants display progressively diminished oxidative burst and gene activation induced by the 22-amino-acid peptide flg22, as well as compromised pathogen defence. In contrast to negative roles of calmodulin and a calmodulin-activated transcription factor in plant defence, the present study reveals Ca2+ signalling complexity and demonstrates key positive roles of specific CDPKs in initial MAMP signalling.

Subfields: Plant Science

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/de013eb86c403279414d7ec8a8f4c0eb044da8de

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Citations in the corpus

Glc-TOR signalling leads transcriptome reprogramming and meristem activation (2013, neutral): “Primary and dynamic glucose response genes were defined by established microarray data analysis algorithms and filtering 22 , and validated by qRT-PCR analyses of marker genes (Fig.”
The Arabidopsis Leucine-Rich Repeat Receptor–Like Kinases BAK1/SERK3 and BKK1/SERK4 Are Required for Innate Immunity to Hemibiotrophic and Biotrophic Pathogens[W] (2011, background): “…events, including ion fluxes, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in an oxidative burst, activation of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases and calcium-dependent protein kinases, induction of defense gene expression, and callose deposition (Nicaise et al., 2009; Boudsocq et al., 2010).”
Plant immunity: towards an integrated view of plant–pathogen interactions (2010, background): “In a recent paper, Sheen and colleagues defined an alternative pathway based on activation of calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs”
The FLS2-associated kinase BIK1 directly phosphorylates the NADPH oxidase RbohD to control plant immunity. (2014, background): “A number of calcium-dependent protein kinases (CPKs) including CPK4, CPK5, CPK6, and CPK11 have been shown to regulate ROS production during immune signaling (Kobayashi et al., 2007; Boudsocq et al., 2010; Dubiella et al., 2013; Gao et al., 2013), but these CPKs do not appear to account for all the ”
New insights into plant responses to the attack from insect herbivores. (2010, background): “CDPKs are activated by pathogen elicitors and are important for disease resistance (11, 103).”
Coping with Stresses: Roles of Calcium- and Calcium/Calmodulin-Regulated Gene Expression[W][OA] (2011, background): “It is likely that they accomplish this by modulating phosphorylation of TFs (Boudsocq et al., 2010).”
WRKY transcription factors: evolution, binding, and action (2019, neutral): “MPKs and CPKs also function in a parallel or synergistic manner in early innate immunity (Boudsocq et al. 2010).”
Signaling in Plant-Microbe Interactions (2013, background): “Other than MAPK signaling cascade, activation of CDPKs is also important in achieving FLS2-mediated immunity (Boudsocq et al. 2010).”
Direct regulation of the NADPH oxidase RBOHD by the PRR-associated kinase BIK1 during plant immunity. (2014, background): “In Arabidopsis, CPK4, CPK5, CPK6, and CPK11 (which are related to StCDPK4/5) are positive regulators of the PAMP-induced ROS burst (Boudsocq et al., 2010), and CPK5 was recently shown to phosphorylate RBOHD and regulate its activity (Dubiella et al., 2013).”
Signaling mechanisms in pattern-triggered immunity (PTI). (2015, background): “, 2014b) and, upon MAMP perception, phosphorylation on different residues by both Ca-induced calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) and BIK1 is required for full activation of the NADPH oxidase (Boudsocq et al., 2010; Dubiella et al., 2013; Kadota et al., 2014; Li et al., 2014b).”
Implications of Abscisic Acid in the Drought Stress Tolerance of Plants (2020, background): “Phosphatidic acid (PA) production can be induced by NO through the activation of phospholipase C and D, which in turn activates RbhoD/RbhoF and inhibits ABI1 activities [163,164].”