T cell activation is associated with lower CD4+ T cell gains in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients with sustained viral suppression during antiretroviral therapy.

By P. Hunt, Jeffrey N. Martin, E. Sinclair, B. Bredt, Elilta Hagos, H. Lampiris, Steven G. Deeks. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2003

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Persistent HIV-1 replication is associated with lower antiretroviral drug concentrations in lymphatic tissues (2014, background): “Levels of T-cell activation and innate system activation are often higher than that observed in well-matched uninfected adults (5, 6).”
Relationship between T cell activation and CD4+ T cell count in HIV-seropositive individuals with undetectable plasma HIV RNA levels in the absence of therapy. (2008, methodology): “T cell activation was measured in a consecutive sample of SCOPE participants; a subset of these treated patients have been described elsewhere [25].”
Emerging Concepts in the Immunopathogenesis of AIDS (2009, background): “The efficacy of ART in 474 Douek · Roederer · Koup A nn u.”
HIV infection, antiretroviral treatment, ageing, and non-AIDS related morbidity (2009, background): “An important question remains—does the negative effect of HIV disease on the cardiovascular system persist during effective treatment, even if drugs that have no known cardiovascular toxicity are used? Several cohort studies have suggested that this is the case, but they could not fully account for ”