Beyond “Homophobia”: Thinking about sexual prejudice and stigma in the twenty-first century

By G. Herek. 2004

934 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Subfields: Clinical Psychology, Social Psychology, Sociology and Political Science

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/d8cccee1af35a072c6c412220bc2872456a2786e

How researchers see this paper

The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.

In Clinical Psychology

In Social Psychology

In Sociology and Political Science

Citations in the corpus

Moving Counseling Forward on LGB and Transgender Issues (2012, background): “Despite the common use of the term, a number of authors have sought to dislodge it (Dermer, Smith, & Barto, 2010; Herek, 2004; Schiffman, DeluciaWaack, & Gerrity, 2005).”
When Sex Equals AIDS: Symbolic Stigma and Heterosexual Adults' Inaccurate Beliefs about Sexual Transmission of AIDS (2005, neutral): “The social psychological processes associated with symbolic AIDS stigma foster sexual prejudice (i.e., negative attitudes toward sexual minorities; Herek 2000a, 2004) in at least two ways.”
I do, but i can’t: The impact of marriage denial on the mental health and sexual citizenship of lesbians and gay men in the United States (2006, background): “Such a position goes against long-standing scientific research and policy formation (Haldeman, 1991) and is based not on fact but largely on opinion, faith, and social prejudice (Herek, 2004; Irvine).”
Modern and Old-fashioned Homonegativity Among Samples of Canadian and American University Students (2009, background): “More recently, Herek (2004) has proposed the term sexual prejudice to refer to “all negative attitudes based on sexual orientation, whether the target is homosexual, bisexual, or heterosexual” (p. 19).”
Sexual Prejudice (2014, background): “Unwanted sexual advances by nonheterosexuals may be viewed by heterosexuals as challenging that autonomy by creating coercive or uncomfortable sexual situations, or by placing doubt about one’s sexual orientation in others’ minds (e.g., Bosson, PrewittFreilino, & Taylor, 2005; Herek, 2004).”
Predictors of Attitudes Toward Gay Men and Lesbian Women in 23 Countries (2020, background): “For at least the last 50 years, social scientists have been aiming to understand the underpinnings of prejudice and violence toward sexual minorities (e.g., Herek, 1990, 2004; Kite & Deaux, 1986).”
The Stigma Complex (2015, background): “…(Park 2002), infertility (Donkor & Sandall 2007), abortion (Kumar et al. 2009), family leave (Rudman & Mescher 2013), sexual orientation (Herek 2004); the uptake of social benefits, e.g., Medicaid (Palmer et al. 2004), public housing (Stuber & Kronebusch 2004); “place,” e.g.,…”
Committing to Social Justice: The Behavioral Intention of School Psychology and Education Trainees to Advocate for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Youth (2008, background): “For instance, it would be advantageous to assess school professionals’ knowledge and beliefs about sexual stigmatization, heterosexism, and sexual prejudice (Herek, 2004) as a means of predicting attitudes and behavior intention to address harassment and social injustices directed toward LGBT indivi”
Hate Crimes and Stigma-Related Experiences Among Sexual Minority Adults in the United States (2009, background): “Violence against individuals because of their presumed sexual orientation is conceptualized here as a manifestation of sexual stigma, that is, society’s negative regard for any nonheterosexual behavior, identity, relationship, or community (Herek, 2004, 56 Journal of Interpersonal Violence 2008).”
Marriage Amendments and Psychological Distress in Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual (LGB) Adults (2009, background): “…researchers use a variety of alternate terms including internalized heterosexism (Szymanski & Carr, 2008) and internalized homonegativity (Balsam & Mohr, 2007; Mayfield, 2001) to describe this process, although these terms are also not without limitations (see Herek, 2004, for a critique).”
The Influence of Declining Homophobia on Men’s Gender in the United States: An Argument for the Study of Homohysteria (2014, background): “Similarly, when heterosexism is used to understand behaviors that denigrate homosexuality (Herek 2004), the power to understand the implicit privileging of heterosexuality is weakened (McCormack 2012).”
Internalized Heterosexism (2008, positive): “In his book, he challenged the zeitgeist of the times by indicating that homophobia was a form of prejudice that often led to brutality, that the problem of homosexuality was not LGB people but intolerant heterosexual persons, and that homophobia was a consequence of the enforcement of traditional m”
Correlates and consequences of internalized stigma for people living with mental illness: a systematic review and meta-analysis. (2010, background): “…concept to improve its relevance for studying the social dimensions of public health problems in the context of modern globalization and multiculturalism (Corrigan, Kerr, & Knudsen, 2005; Corrigan, Watson, & Barr, 2006; Herek, 2004; Herek, 2007; Herek, Gillis, & Cogan, 2009; Link & Phelan, 2001).”
Internalized Homophobia and Relationship Quality among Lesbians, Gay Men, and Bisexuals (2009, background): “One item was added— “You feel a bond with other [men who are gay or bisexual],” taken from Herek and Glunt’s (1995) Community Consciousness Scale—to the UMHS scale to capture symbolic affiliation that did not denote activity.”
Depression and Attempted Suicide among LGBTQ College Students: Fostering Resilience to the Effects of Heterosexism and Cisgenderism on Campus (2018, background): “Heterosexism is a cultural ideology that perpetuates sexual stigma by denying and denigrating any nonheterosexual form of behavior, identity, relationship, or community (Herek, 2004).”
Understanding and addressing homophobia in schools: a view from teachers (2012, background): “There is no uniform definition of what constitutes homophobia but it includes a dislike, fear, avoidance and denial of homosexuality (Herek, 2004).”
Homonegativity in Southeast Asia: Attitudes Toward Lesbians and Gay Men in Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam (2017, background): “One component of the social ecology faced by sexual and gender minorities is public opinion toward them and their sexualities (Herek, 2004, 2007; Herek & McLemore, 2013).”