A New Human Somatic Stem Cell from Placental Cord Blood with Intrinsic Pluripotent Differentiation Potential

By G. Kögler, Sandra Sensken, J. Airey, T. Trapp, M. Müschen, N. Feldhahn, S. Liedtke, R. Sorg, J. Fischer, C. Rosenbaum and 11 more. Journal of Experimental Medicine, 2004

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Here a new, intrinsically pluripotent, CD45-negative population from human cord blood, termed unrestricted somatic stem cells (USSCs) is described. This rare population grows adherently and can be expanded to 1015 cells without losing pluripotency. In vitro USSCs showed homogeneous differentiation into osteoblasts, chondroblasts, adipocytes, and hematopoietic and neural cells including astrocytes and neurons that express neurofilament, sodium channel protein, and various neurotransmitter phenotypes. Stereotactic implantation of USSCs into intact adult rat brain revealed that human Tau-positive cells persisted for up to 3 mo and showed migratory activity and a typical neuron-like morphology. In vivo differentiation of USSCs along mesodermal and endodermal pathways was demonstrated in animal models. Bony reconstitution was observed after transplantation of USSC-loaded calcium phosphate cylinders in nude rat femurs. Chondrogenesis occurred after transplanting cell-loaded gelfoam sponges into nude mice. Transplantation of USSCs in a noninjury model, the preimmune fetal sheep, resulted in up to 5% human hematopoietic engraftment. More than 20% albumin-producing human parenchymal hepatic cells with absence of cell fusion and substantial numbers of human cardiomyocytes in both atria and ventricles of the sheep heart were detected many months after USSC transplantation. No tumor formation was observed in any of these animals.

Subfields: Genetics, Molecular Biology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/d1d0d7526b9613dd5aead0b38b437a08b8d10c27

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Citations in the corpus

Replicative Senescence of Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Continuous and Organized Process (2008, background): “There is also evidence that senescence involves DNA damage, accumulation of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p16INK4a and oxidative stress [9], [17], [18].”
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Unchain my heart: the scientific foundations of cardiac repair. (2005, background): “org Volume 115 Number 3 March 2005 On the horizon of being tested for potential clinical application are other progenitor/stem cell populations: fat tissue–derived multipotent stem cells (36); multipotential cells from bone marrow or skeletal muscle (minuscule subpopulations, distinct from the unfra”
Applying extracellular vesicles based therapeutics in clinical trials – an ISEV position paper (2015, background): “MSCs can be isolated from different tissues, including bone marrow, adipose tissue and umbilical cord blood (75 78), and some MSC-subtypes were originally considered to contain pluripotent developmental capabilities (79,80).”
Effects of dexamethasone, ascorbic acid and β-glycerophosphate on the osteogenic differentiation of stem cells in vitro (2013, background): “2013 from umbilical cord blood are able to establish a hematopoietic microenvironment and to form bone after implantation [1-4].”