A justice-theoretic approach to the distribution of transportation benefits: Implications for transportation planning practice in the United States

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Toward Equitable Transit: Examining Transit Accessibilityand Social Need in Toronto, Canada, 1996-2006 (2013, background): “Determining equity is difficult because there is no standard definition of distributional equity for transportation benefits (Martens et al., 2012).”
A method to evaluate equitable accessibility: combining ethical theories and accessibility-based approaches (2016, background): “The use of ethical principles to support 1 Accessed 8-8-2014. the values that are being promoted through public policies is not new but it is an issue that still concerns many transport professionals (see Martens et al. 2012 and Hyard 2012).”
Using principles of justice to assess the modal equity of regional transportation plans (2014, background): “We make the claim elsewhere that accessibility is, though imperfect, the most appropriate measure of benefits from transportation plans and investments, and thus should be the focus of any effort to understand and measure the distributions of the benefits of regional transportation plans (Martens et”
Civil rights guidance and equity analysis methods for regional transportation plans: a critical review of literature and practice (2013, methodology): “of differing conceptions of equity (Duthie et al., 2007; Khisty, 1996; Martens et al., 2012).”