Development, maintenance and disruption of the blood-brain barrier

By B. Obermeier, R. Daneman, R. Ransohoff. Nature Medicine, 2013

2,213 citations recorded by the source corpus.

The interface between the blood circulation and the neural tissue features unique characteristics that are encompassed by the term 'blood-brain barrier' (BBB). The main functions of this barrier, namely maintenance of brain homeostasis, regulation of influx and efflux transport, and protection from harm, are determined by its specialized multicellular structure. Every constituent cell type makes an indispensable contribution to the BBB's integrity. But if one member of the BBB fails, and as a result the barrier breaks down, there can be dramatic consequences and neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration can occur. In this Review, we highlight recently gained mechanistic insights into the development and maintenance of the BBB. We then discuss how BBB disruption can cause or contribute to neurological disease. Finally, we examine how this knowledge can be used to explore new possibilities for BBB repair.

Subfields: Neurology, Oncology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/c34d3d7add61c2993e56b77b779c41f7517d34e0

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Citations in the corpus

The blood–brain barrier: Structure, regulation and drug delivery (2023, background): “The integrity of BBB could be breached by the intrinsic properties of the pathogens.(232) Directed evolution and capsid engineering have been developed to engineer a number of BBB-crossing AAVs.”
Organotypic vasculature: From descriptive heterogeneity to functional pathophysiology (2017, background): “BBB breakdown is a hallmark of several neurological disorders including ischemic stroke,multiple sclerosis, and Alzheimer’s disease (58–60).”
Astrocyte crosstalk in CNS inflammation (2020, background): “Under healthy conditions, the BBB regulates the influx of hydrophilic substances, protects the brain from circulating pathogens, and contributes to the partial ‘immune privilege’ of the CNS (Abbott et al., 2006; Kipnis, 2016; Louveau et al., 2015b; Obermeier et al., 2013; Sofroniew, 2015b).”
The biphasic function of microglia in ischemic stroke (2017, neutral): “Oxidative stress, generally caused by excess production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), is considered a key contributor to the early phase of BBB disruption (Obermeier et al., 2013).”
The blood–brain barrier in health and disease: Important unanswered questions (2020, methodology): “Blood vessels provide the vital infrastructure for delivery of oxygen and essential nutrients throughout the body, and the term “blood–brain barrier” (BBB) is used to describe the unique characteristics of the blood vessels that vascularize the central nervous system (CNS; Saunders et al., 2008; Zlo”
Transcriptome-wide isoform-level dysregulation in ASD, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder (2018, positive): “The third biological process, geneM26/isoM22 (Fig 5C), is downregulated, and enriched for endothelial and pericyte genes, with hubs that represent markers of the blood-brain barrier, including ITIH5, SLC38A5, ABCB1, and GPR124, a critical regulator of brain-specific angiogenesis (53, 54).”