Healthy volunteer effect in a cohort study: temporal resolution in the Adventist Health Study.

By K. Lindsted, Gary E. Fraser, Manfred Steinkohl, W. Beeson. 1996

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Evidence of a healthy volunteer effect in the prostate, lung, colorectal, and ovarian cancer screening trial. (2007, background): “Linsted et al. ( 12 ) found that the all-cause mortality ratio for nonresponders versus responders in the Adventist Health Study decreased from 2.5 at year 1 to 1.4 at year 6. In our study, the standardized mortality ratio for non-PLCO cancer increased the most per year on study, followed by respira”
Overview and Findings from the Rush Memory and Aging Project (2012, background): “Because the only exclusion is the inability to sign the Anatomical Gift Act, and because all clinical evaluations are performed as home visits, co-morbidities common in population-based epidemiologic studies are well represented; this reduces the “healthy volunteer effect” seen in many cohort studie”