The onset of flow instability in uniformly heated horizontal microchannels

By J. E. Kennedy, G. Roach, M. F. Dowling, S. Abdel-Khalik, S. Mostafa Ghiaasiaan, S. Jeter, Z. H. Quershi. 2000

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VOLUME OF FLUID SIMULATION OF BOILING TWO-PHASE FLOW IN A VAPOR-VENTING MICROCHANNEL (2010, background): “These include flow instabilities (Kennedy et al., 2000), high peak pressure drops (Zhang et al., 2005; Garimella et al., 2002), and dry-out, which causes hotspots.”
Two-Phase Flow Patterns, Pressure Drop, and Heat Transfer during Boiling in Minichannel Flow Passages of Compact Evaporators (2002, background): “[30] studied the instability during ow boiling of water in circular tubes of 1.”
Measurement and correlation of critical heat flux in two-phase micro-channel heat sinks (2004, background): “These include boiling incipience [ 1 ,2], dominant flow patterns [3–5], hydrodynamic instability [6–9], heat transfer [10–14], and pressure drop [9,12,15–19].”
Two-phase flow patterns in parallel micro-channels (2003, result): “Kennedy et al. (2000) studied incipient boiling and onset of flow instability for subcooled water flow in uniformly heated micro-tubes with diameters of 1.17 and 1.45 mm. For smaller channels, significant deviation was found between experimental results and prior incipient boiling correlations.”
A uniform temperature heat sink for cooling of electronic devices (2002, background): “[27, 28 ], where r is the surface tension, qL and qV are the liquid and vapor densities, respectively, and g is gravitational constant.Thus, it is reasonable to expect that the effect of space confinement on boiling heat transfer may become significant.”