Association of fine particulate matter from different sources with daily mortality in six U.S. cities.

By Francine Laden, L. Neas, D. Dockery, Joel D. Schwartz. Environmental Health Perspectives, 2000

1,384 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Previously we reported that fine particle mass (particulate matter [less than and equal to] 2.5 microm; PM(2.5)), which is primarily from combustion sources, but not coarse particle mass, which is primarily from crustal sources, was associated with daily mortality in six eastern U.S. cities (1). In this study, we used the elemental composition of size-fractionated particles to identify several distinct source-related fractions of fine particles and examined the association of these fractions with daily mortality in each of the six cities. Using specific rotation factor analysis for each city, we identified a silicon factor classified as soil and crustal material, a lead factor classified as motor vehicle exhaust, a selenium factor representing coal combustion, and up to two additional factors. We extracted daily counts of deaths from National Center for Health Statistics records and estimated city-specific associations of mortality with each source factor by Poisson regression, adjusting for time trends, weather, and the other source factors. Combined effect estimates were calculated as the inverse variance weighted mean of the city-specific estimates. In the combined analysis, a 10 microg/m(3) increase in PM(2.5) from mobile sources accounted for a 3.4% increase in daily mortality [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.7-5.2%], and the equivalent increase in fine particles from coal combustion sources accounted for a 1.1% increase [CI, 0.3-2.0%). PM(2.5) crustal particles were not associated with daily mortality. These results indicate that combustion particles in the fine fraction from mobile and coal combustion sources, but not fine crustal particles, are associated with increased mortality.

Subfields: Atmospheric Science, Automotive Engineering, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/b958e250b66bf4fb7a1b1ed6d0a1368777882bea

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Citations in the corpus

A dynamic process convolution approach to modeling ambient particulate matter concentrations (2008, neutral): “Examples of such studies include Goldberg et al. (2001), Katsouyanni et al. (2001), Mar et al. (2000), and Laden et al. (2000).”
Changes of hygroscopicity and morphology during ageing of diesel soot (2011, background): “Laden et al (2000) associated a higher mortality with fine particles from mobile and coal combustion sources than with other aerosol types.”
Atmospheric Movement of Microorganisms in Clouds of Desert Dust and Implications for Human Health (2007, background): “ated through automotive and industrial combustion versus those of crustal origin (130, 210).”
Long-term air pollution exposure and cardio- respiratory mortality: a review (2013, neutral): “5 and PM10 [50-53].”
Human Health Risk Assessment for Aluminium, Aluminium Oxide, and Aluminium Hydroxide (2007, background): “Aluminium, like silica, may be designated as crustal in origin ( Laden et al, 2000 ; Lee et al, 1994 ).”
Deposition and biokinetics of inhaled nanoparticles (2010, background): “[ 1-5 ]). Also, for nanoparticles with anticipated beneficial use, e.g.”
Spatial and Temporal Variation in PM2.5 Chemical Composition in the United States for Health Effects Studies (2007, background): “5 components, including factor analysis, Gaussian plume modeling, and backward trajectory modeling; each has its own set of advantages and limitations (Hopke et al. 2006; Ito et al. 2006; Laden et al. 2000; Lapina and Paterson 2004; Mar et al. 2006; Paatero et al. 2003; Thurston et al. 2005).”
A Case-crossover Study: The Effects of Heat Waves on Daily Mortality Caused by Respiratory Disease in Beijing (2011, methodology): “This assumption is supported by an analysis of PM from different sources, indicating the strongest associations with mortality from traffic particles (Laden et al. 2000).”