Root-to-shoot Cd translocation via the xylem is the major process determining shoot and grain cadmium accumulation in rice

By Shimpei Uraguchi, S. Mori, M. Kuramata, A. Kawasaki, T. Arao, Satoru Ishikawa. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2009

907 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Physiological properties involved in divergent cadmium (Cd) accumulation among rice genotypes were characterized using the indica cultivar ‘Habataki’ (high Cd in grains) and the japonica cultivar ‘Sasanishiki’ (low Cd in grains). Time-dependence and concentration-dependence of symplastic Cd absorption in roots were revealed not to be responsible for the different Cd accumulation between the two cultivars because root Cd uptake was not greater in the Cd-accumulating cultivar ‘Habataki’ compared with ‘Sasanishiki’. On the other hand, rapid and greater root-to-shoot Cd translocation was observed in ‘Habataki’, which could be mediated by higher abilities in xylem loading of Cd and transpiration rate as a driving force. To verify whether different abilities in xylem-mediated shoot-to-root translocation generally account for the genotypic variation in shoot Cd accumulation in rice, the world rice core collection, consisting of 69 accessions which covers the genetic diversity of almost 32 000 accessions of cultivated rice, was used. The results showed strong correlation between Cd levels in xylem sap and shoots and grains among the 69 rice accessions. Overall, the results presented in this study revealed that the root-to-shoot Cd translocation via the xylem is the major and common physiological process determining the Cd accumulation level in shoots and grains of rice plants.

Subfields: Plant Science

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/b8ac4b36e84ee7af80d34898fe4eebacd512ef88

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In Plant Science

1. J. Ma
2. P. White
3. A. Lux
4. Satoru Ishikawa
5. S. Clemens
6. M. Murakami
7. M. Rizwan
8. Shafaqat Ali

Citations in the corpus

• Glutathione in plants: an integrated overview. (2012, neutral): “By contrast, peroxidation of GSH could be catalysed by GSTs (Wagner et al. 2002; Dixon et al. 2009).”
• The Challenges and Solutions for Cadmium-contaminated Rice in China: A Critical Review. (2016, background): “Root-to-shoot translocation by xylem flow, instead of root uptake, is believed to control the level of Cd in rice shoot, while the grain Cd level is eventually governed by phloem transport of the Cd transported to the shoots (Kato et al., 2010; Tanaka et al., 2007; Uraguchi et al., 2009).”
• Soil contamination with cadmium, consequences and remediation using organic amendments. (2017, neutral): “2) (Sanita di Toppi and Gabbrielli, 1999; Sgherri et al., 2002; Uraguchi et al., 2009).”
• Heavy metal contamination of agricultural soil and countermeasures in Japan (2010, background): “Physiological properties involved in the differences in shoot Cd accumulation among rice cultivars (Uraguchi et al. 2009) and between Solanum species (Mori et al.”
• Complexity of the Alternative Splicing Landscape in Plants[C][W][OPEN] (2013, neutral): “In plants, there are several examples where protein isoforms fromalternatively splicedpre-mRNAsare targeted to different cellular locations (Dixon et al., 2009; Lamberto et al., 2010; Remy et al., 2013). mRNA isoforms may differ in the untranslated regions (UTRs) with functional implications in…”
• Glutathione Transferases (2010, neutral): “This observation is clearly reinforced by the range of activities observed in recent surveys of the GST family in Arabidopsis (Dixon et al., 2009) and poplar (Lan et al., 2009).”
• Catalase function in plants: a focus on Arabidopsis mutants as stress-mimic models. (2010, neutral): “direct peroxidation of GSH could be through glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), many of which have peroxidase activity (Dixon et al., 2009).”
• Phosphate deficiency signaling pathway is a target of arsenate and phosphate transporter OsPT1 is involved in As accumulation in shoots of rice (2013, methodology): “After 5 d of germination, the seedlings with proper growth were transferred to a half-strength Kimura B solution (Uraguchi et al. 2009) and grown hydroponically for 10 d.”
• The timing of grain Cd accumulation in rice plants: the relative importance of remobilisation within the plant and root Cd uptake post-flowering (2011, background): “The mechanisms determining translocation of Cd within plants are not fully understood, however, it is known that Cd is both phloem and xylem mobile (Reid et al. 2003; Riesen and Feller 2005; Uraguchi et al. 2009).”
• Redox homeostasis in plants under abiotic stress: role of electron carriers, energy metabolism mediators and proteinaceous thiols (2015, neutral): “In plants, GPXs are less likely to be involved in peroxide mediated oxidation of GSH and it is suggested that peroxidation could be carried out by GST (Wagner et al., 2002; Dixon et al., 2009).”
• The Roles of Reactive Oxygen Metabolism in Drought: Not So Cut and Dried[1][C][W] (2014, neutral): “In many cases, it is not clear whether their primary function is as a conjugase, a peroxidase, or both (Dixon et al., 2009).”
• Possible chemical forms of cadmium and varietal differences in cadmium concentrations in the phloem sap of rice plants (Oryza sativa L.) (2010, background): “This may result in low Cd levels in the grains of the LAC 23 variety if we assume that the Cd levels in the xylem and phloem sap correlate with its transport to the leaves (Ueno et al. 2009; Uraguchi et al. 2009) and eventually to the grains (Tanaka et al. 2007; Yoneyama et al. 2010).”