Four notions of biological function

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The importance of homology for biology and philosophy (2007, unknown): “Following Arno Wouters (2003, 2005), Love distinguishes between various descriptive senses of function: the contribution a trait makes to the biological viability of the whole organism, the causal role a trait plays in some larger system of which it is a part, and the 'mere activity' of the trait.”
How to Do Things with Emotional Expressions: The Theory of Affective Pragmatics (2017, background): “Helpful overviews of the concepts of function in biology and philosophy include Wouters (2003) and Garson (2016).”
A Cybernetic Theory of Psychopathology (2018, background): “This is probably the most common usage for “function” in biology, but there are several others (Wouters, 2003).”
Dimensions of Naturalness (2008, unknown): “(Wouters 2003, 635.)”
Typology now: homology and developmental constraints explain evolvability (2007, unknown): “As Love (this issue) discusses in detail, several biological fields (molecular developmental biology, functional morphology) appeal to homologous functions, where ‘function’ is for the most part understood as activity (see also Wouters 2003 ).”