Identification of human Rap1: implications for telomere evolution.

By Bibo Li, S. Oestreich, T. de Lange. Cell, 2000

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How shelterin protects mammalian telomeres. (2008, background): “Unlike its budding yeast counterpart, which has a second Myb-like domain that allows Rap1 to bind directly to telomeric DNA, mammalian Rap1 lacks DNA-binding activity and is therefore dependent on its interaction with TRF2 for telomere binding (113, 116).”
Protection of mammalian telomeres (2002, background): “This allele, TRF2DBDM, blocks the accumulation of TRF2 on chromosome ends and e ectively strips TRF2 and its interacting factors o the telomeres (Li et al., 2000; van Steensel et al., 1998; Zhu et al., 2000).”
How shelterin solves the telomere end-protection problem. (2010, background): “A sixth subunit in the complex, a distant ortholog of the yeast Rap1, was discovered as a TRF2- binding protein (Li et al. 2000).”
Shelterin: the protein complex that shapes and safeguards human telomeres. (2005, positive): “TRF2 was identified as a TRF1 paralog in the database (Bilaud et al. 1997; Broccoli et al. 1997) and TIN2 and Rap1 were found in two-hybrid screens with TRF1 and TRF2, respectively (Kim et al. 1999; Li et al. 2000).”