Intestinal microbiota in functional bowel disorders: a Rome foundation report
By Magnus Simrén, Giovanni Barbara, H. J. Flint, B. Spiegel, Robin C. Spiller, Stephen Vanner, Elena F. Verdú, P. J. Whorwell, Erwin G. Zoetendal. Gut, 2012
857 citations recorded by the source corpus.
It is increasingly perceived that gut host–microbial interactions are important elements in the pathogenesis of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID). The most convincing evidence to date is the finding that functional dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) may develop in predisposed individuals following a bout of infectious gastroenteritis. There has been a great deal of interest in the potential clinical and therapeutic implications of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth in IBS. However, this theory has generated much debate because the evidence is largely based on breath tests which have not been validated. The introduction of culture-independent molecular techniques provides a major advancement in our understanding of the microbial community in FGID. Results from 16S rRNA-based microbiota profiling approaches demonstrate both quantitative and qualitative changes of mucosal and faecal gut microbiota, particularly in IBS. Investigators are also starting to measure host–microbial interactions in IBS. The current working hypothesis is that abnormal microbiota activate mucosal innate immune responses which increase epithelial permeability, activate nociceptive sensory pathways and dysregulate the enteric nervous system. While we await important insights in this field, the microbiota is already a therapeutic target. Existing controlled trials of dietary manipulation, prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics and non-absorbable antibiotics are promising, although most are limited by suboptimal design and small sample size. In this article, the authors provide a critical review of current hypotheses regarding the pathogenetic involvement of microbiota in FGID and evaluate the results of microbiota-directed interventions. The authors also provide clinical guidance on modulation of gut microbiota in IBS.
Subfields: Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases, Molecular Biology
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/af0f6ee5fa05f52bd7c2e6098685072797e5a5e0
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Citations in the corpus
- The gut microbiome in health and in disease (2015, neutral): “A role for the microbiota in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is suspected, though unproven, and therapies that alter the microbiota, including dietary changes, probiotics, and antibiotics, have shown encouraging, though inconsistent, results [32].”
- The gut-brain axis: interactions between enteric microbiota, central and enteric nervous systems (2015, background): “Dysbiosis occurs also in functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID) that are highly associated with mood disorders and are linked to a disruption of GBA [10-12].”