The rhizosphere: a playground and battlefield for soilborne pathogens and beneficial microorganisms
By J. Raaijmakers, T. Paulitz, C. Steinberg, C. Alabouvette, Y. Moënne‐Loccoz. Plant and Soil, 2009
1,640 citations recorded by the source corpus.
The rhizosphere is a hot spot of microbial interactions as exudates released by plant roots are a main food source for microorganisms and a driving force of their population density and activities. The rhizosphere harbors many organisms that have a neutral effect on the plant, but also attracts organisms that exert deleterious or beneficial effects on the plant. Microorganisms that adversely affect plant growth and health are the pathogenic fungi, oomycetes, bacteria and nematodes. Most of the soilborne pathogens are adapted to grow and survive in the bulk soil, but the rhizosphere is the playground and infection court where the pathogen establishes a parasitic relationship with the plant. The rhizosphere is also a battlefield where the complex rhizosphere community, both microflora and microfauna, interact with pathogens and influence the outcome of pathogen infection. A wide range of microorganisms are beneficial to the plant and include nitrogen-fixing bacteria, endo- and ectomycorrhizal fungi, and plant growth-promoting bacteria and fungi. This review focuses on the population dynamics and activity of soilborne pathogens and beneficial microorganisms. Specific attention is given to mechanisms involved in the tripartite interactions between beneficial microorganisms, pathogens and the plant. We also discuss how agricultural practices affect pathogen and antagonist populations and how these practices can be adopted to promote plant growth and health.
Subfields: Plant Science
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/ae4b3cc134176e3fad35ae53818a595358df5e89
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Citations in the corpus
- Bacteria able to control foot and root rot and to promote growth of cucumber in salinated soils (2011, background): “Mechanisms (Bloemberg and Lugtenberg 2001, 2004; Kravchenko et al. 2003, 2004; Haas and Defago 2005; Lugtenberg and Kamilova 2009; Raaijmakers et al. 2009) by which bacteria are able to prevent damage caused by plant pathogens and promote plant growth include antagonism (Thomashow and Weller 1996), ”
- Plant-driven selection of microbes (2009, background): “Microorganisms living in the rhizosphere can have a neutral, pathogenic or beneficial interaction with their host plant (Raaijmakers et al. 2008; Whipps 2001).”
- Screening of plant growth promoting Rhizobacteria isolated from sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) (2012, background): “Several studies and reviews have also reported stringent hostplant specificity of rhizospheric bacteria (Wieland et al. 2001; Singh et al. 2004; Bergsma-Vlami et al. 2005; Berg and Smalla 2009; Raaijmakers et al. 2009; Buchan et al. 2010).”
- Mechanisms Used by Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria (2011, background): “Biocontrol of plant pathogenic microorganisms relies on different traits including competition for colonization site or nutrients, production of antibiotics and enzymes, and induction of systemic resistance (ISR) against the pathogens (Raaijmakers et al. 2009).”
- Heat stress effects and management in wheat. A review (2017, methodology): “Therefore, using biological control agents like fungi and bacteria are now considered as an alternative method of improving heat tolerance (Raaijmakers et al. 2009).”
- Continuous application of different organic additives can suppress tomato disease by inducing the healthy rhizospheric microbiota through alterations to the bulk soil microflora (2018, background): “Most soil-borne pathogens are adapted to survive in bulk soil, while the rhizosphere is the playground and infection court where pathogens establish a parasitic relationship with the plant (Raaijmakers et al. 2009).”