Hedgehog: functions and mechanisms.
By Markku Varjosalo, Jussi Taipale. Genes & Development, 2008
1,239 citations recorded by the source corpus.
The Hedgehog (Hh) family of proteins control cell growth, survival, and fate, and pattern almost every aspect of the vertebrate body plan. The use of a single morphogen for such a wide variety of functions is possible because cellular responses to Hh depend on the type of responding cell, the dose of Hh received, and the time cells are exposed to Hh. The Hh gradient is shaped by several proteins that are specifically required for Hh processing, secretion, and transport through tissues. The mechanism of cellular response, in turn, incorporates multiple feedback loops that fine-tune the level of signal sensed by the responding cells. Germline mutations that subtly affect Hh pathway activity are associated with developmental disorders, whereas somatic mutations activating the pathway have been linked to multiple forms of human cancer. This review focuses broadly on our current understanding of Hh signaling, from mechanisms of action to cellular and developmental functions. In addition, we review the role of Hh in the pathogenesis of human disease and the possibilities for therapeutic intervention.
Subfields: Genetics, Molecular Biology
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/8f6dcd7d6ae77e88b5949e47b0af43f2aa9d0a11
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Citations in the corpus
- G protein-coupled receptors: novel targets for drug discovery in cancer (2010, background): “In the absence of secreted HH ligands, such as Sonic HH (SHH), PTC inhibits the activity of SMO, whereas ligand binding to PTC releases SMO inhibitio”
- The role of the Hedgehog signaling pathway in cancer: A comprehensive review. (2017, background): “The Hh gene is highly conserved from fruit flies to humans, and is a key regulator in embryonic development [1].”
- Adipogenesis: from stem cell to adipocyte. (2012, background): “Three vertebrate Hh ligands have been identified, Sonic (Shh), Indian (Ihh), and Desert (Dhh), which initiate a signaling cascade mediated by Patched (Ptch-1 and Ptch-2) receptors (65, 66).”