Fecal microbiome and volatile organic compound metabolome in obese humans with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

By M. Raman, I. Ahmed, Patrick Gillevet, C. Probert, N. Ratcliffe, Steve Smith, R. Greenwood, Masoumeh Sikaroodi, V. Lam, P. Crotty and 3 more. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 2013

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BACKGROUND & AIMS The histopathology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is similar to that of alcoholic liver disease. Colonic bacteria are a source of many metabolic products, including ethanol and other volatile organic compounds (VOC) that may have toxic effects on the human host after intestinal absorption and delivery to the liver via the portal vein. Recent data suggest that the composition of the gut microbiota in obese human beings is different from that of healthy-weight individuals. The aim of this study was to compare the colonic microbiome and VOC metabolome of obese NAFLD patients (n = 30) with healthy controls (n = 30). METHODS Multitag pyrosequencing was used to characterize the fecal microbiota. Fecal VOC profiles were measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. RESULTS There were statistically significant differences in liver biochemistry and metabolic parameters in NAFLD. Deep sequencing of the fecal microbiome revealed over-representation of Lactobacillus species and selected members of phylum Firmicutes (Lachnospiraceae; genera, Dorea, Robinsoniella, and Roseburia) in NAFLD patients, which was statistically significant. One member of phylum Firmicutes was under-represented significantly in the fecal microbiome of NAFLD patients (Ruminococcaceae; genus, Oscillibacter). Fecal VOC profiles of the 2 patient groups were different, with a significant increase in fecal ester compounds observed in NAFLD patients. CONCLUSIONS A significant increase in fecal ester VOC is associated with compositional shifts in the microbiome of obese NAFLD patients. These novel bacterial metabolomic and metagenomic factors are implicated in the etiology and complications of obesity.

Subfields: Biomedical Engineering, Molecular Biology, Pathology and Forensic Medicine

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/a8f079155a94c44ab0b189d12128d0dd243bcf1f

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Citations in the corpus

Microbiota in health and diseases (2022, background): “Using 16s rDNA sequencing technology, studies have identified that asthma patients had higher bacterial load and diversity, increased abundance of Proteobacteria, and decreased abundance of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes.110 In addition, Woerden et al. found a different pattern of fungi, particularly ”
The human volatilome: volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath, skin emanations, urine, feces and saliva (2014, background): “They have also been used to differentiate other noninfectious conditions such as irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease from healthy controls [259, 260], necrotizing enterocolitis, chronic kidney disease [261] and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease [262].”
The gut microbiota and host health: a new clinical frontier (2015, result): “A lower proportion of Ruminococcaceae was noted in patients with NASH compared with healthy subjects 42 and a study which characterised gut microbiota of children with NASH, obesity and healthy controls showed that patients with NASH had a higher proportion of Escherichia compared with other groups.”
Mechanisms and disease consequences of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (2021, result): “A link betweenNAFLD/NASH and themicrobiome is supported by several studies (Caussy et al., 2019; Da Silva et al., 2018; Hoyles et al., 2018; Loomba et al., 2017; Oh et al., 2020; Raman et al., 2013; Schwimmer et al., 2019; Sharpton et al., 2019).”
Diet and Feeding Pattern Affect the Diurnal Dynamics of the Gut Microbiome (2014, positive): “High relative levels of Oscillibacter and other Ruminococcaceae species protect against obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (Raman et al., 2013).”
Gut microbiota profiling of pediatric nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and obese patients unveiled by an integrated meta‐omics‐based approach (2017, background): “Differences between our study and previous work likely reflect variations in environmental and dietary factors, as well as age, among the patient cohorts.((12,30)) At lower taxonomic levels, the abundance of Coriobacteriaceae, which has been linked to chronic tissue inflammation and is increased in ”