Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass and Vertical Banded Gastroplasty Induce Long-Term Changes on the Human Gut Microbiome Contributing to Fat Mass Regulation

By V. Tremaroli, Fredrik H. Karlsson, M. Werling, M. Ståhlman, P. Kovatcheva-Datchary, T. Olbers, L. Fändriks, C. le Roux, Jens Nielsen, F. Bäckhed. Cell Metabolism, 2015

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Summary Bariatric surgery is currently the most effective procedure for the treatment of obesity. Given the role of the gut microbiota in regulating host metabolism and adiposity, we investigated the long-term effects of bariatric surgery on the microbiome of patients randomized to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass or vertical banded gastroplasty and matched for weight and fat mass loss. The two surgical procedures induced similar and durable changes on the gut microbiome that were not dependent on body mass index and resulted in altered levels of fecal and circulating metabolites compared with obese controls. By colonizing germ-free mice with stools from the patients, we demonstrated that the surgically altered microbiota promoted reduced fat deposition in recipient mice. These mice also had a lower respiratory quotient, indicating decreased utilization of carbohydrates as fuel. Our results suggest that the gut microbiota may play a direct role in the reduction of adiposity observed after bariatric surgery.

Subfields: Molecular Biology, Physiology, Surgery

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/a58e402dbc89d81fb64b0f6b90aca4751d087c96

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Citations in the corpus

The Human Gut Microbiome: From Association to Modulation. (2018, neutral): “Other clinical interventions with long-term microbiome effects include bariatric surgery (Tremaroli et al., 2015) or induced iso-osmotic diarrhea.”
Gut Microbiota in Cardiovascular Health and Disease (2017, background): “Some of these molecules have been shown to functionally interact with other endocrine hormones, including ghrelin, leptin, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), and peptide YY (PYY).(44,45) Others have been reported to stimulate the parasympathetic nervous system, thereby impacting glucose homeostasis an”
Assembling metagenomes, one community at a time (2017, background): “The metagenomes are from three distinct environments, namely; soil (Iowa [8], Oklahoma [26], and Permafrost [27]); aquatic (Kolkata Lake (unpublished data), Arctic Frost Flower [28] and Tara Ocean [29]) and human gut niches (Scandinavian Gut [30], European Gut [31] and Infant Gut [32]; Table 1).”
Intestinal Crosstalk between Bile Acids and Microbiota and Its Impact on Host Metabolism. (2016, positive): “We recently demonstrated that bariatric surgery has long-term effects on the gut microbiota composition and function (Tremaroli et al., 2015).”