Glutathione: Overview of its protective roles, measurement, and biosynthesis
By H. Forman, Hongqiao Zhang, A. Rinna. Molecular Aspects of Medicine, 2008
2,298 citations recorded by the source corpus.
This review is the introduction to a special issue concerning, glutathione (GSH), the most abundant low molecular weight thiol compound synthesized in cells. GSH plays critical roles in protecting cells from oxidative damage and the toxicity of xenobiotic electrophiles, and maintaining redox homeostasis. Here, the functions and GSH and the sources of oxidants and electrophiles, the elimination of oxidants by reduction and electrophiles by conjugation with GSH are briefly described. Methods of assessing GSH status in the cells are also described. GSH synthesis and its regulation are addressed along with therapeutic approaches for manipulating GSH content that have been proposed. The purpose here is to provide a brief overview of some of the important aspects of glutathione metabolism as part of this special issue that will provide a more comprehensive review of the state of knowledge regarding this essential molecule.
Subfields: Biochemistry, Molecular Biology
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/a572717887344257c167ac4958101ff00574c641
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Citations in the corpus
- GLUTATHIONE SYNTHESIS (2012, background): “As GSH to GSSG ratio largely determines the intracellular redox potential (proportional to the log of [GSH]2/[GSSG]) [5], to prevent a major shift in the redox equilibrium when oxidative stress overcomes the ability of the cell to reduce GSSG to GSH, GSSG can be actively exported out of the cell or ”
- Nrf2 and Oxidative Stress: A General Overview of Mechanisms and Implications in Human Disease (2022, background): “GSH plays a critical role in protecting cells from oxidative damage through direct antioxidant activity or coupled to GPx enzymatic activity [37,38].”
- Glutathione metabolism in cancer progression and treatment resistance (2018, background): “GST is primarily responsible for binding to xenobiotics and GSH, forming conjugates that are then secreted extracellularly (Zhang and Forman, 2009; Gamcsik et al., 2012; Lu, 2013).”
- Glutathione: new roles in redox signaling for an old antioxidant (2014, background): “%) is in the cytosol, which also represents the main place for its synthesis; from cytosol, GSH is distributed www.frontiersin.org August 2014 | Volume 5 | Article 196 | 1 into organelles such as mitochondria, nucleus and endoplasmic reticulum (Forman et al., 2009; Lu, 2013).”