Gluteofemoral body fat as a determinant of metabolic health

By K. Manolopoulos, F. Karpe, K. Frayn. International Journal of Obesity, 2010

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Ablation of PRDM16 and Beige Adipose Causes Metabolic Dysfunction and a Subcutaneous to Visceral Fat Switch (2014, background): “SubQ adiposity, however, appears to be comparatively benign (Manolopoulos et al., 2010).”
Waist‐to‐height ratio is a better screening tool than waist circumference and BMI for adult cardiometabolic risk factors: systematic review and meta‐analysis (2012, neutral): “These invariably relate to the high metabolic and inflammatory activity of the visceral fat depots within the abdominal cavity (55) in comparison to subcutaneous depots in other parts of the body such as the gluteo-femoral region (56).”
Adipose Tissue Distribution, Inflammation and Its Metabolic Consequences, Including Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease (2020, background): “Gluteofemoral adipose mass is positively associated with insulin sensitivity in humans, coupled with a slower rate of lipolysis and subsequent FFA release, lower levels of inflammatory cells and cytokines, and elevated adipokines such as leptin and adiponectin (404).”
Sex differences in human adipose tissues – the biology of pear shape (2012, background): “This ‘female’ fat distribution, independent of total body fat, confers protection against metabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes and atherosclerosis [1].”