Crosstalk between Gut Microbiota and Dietary Lipids Aggravates WAT Inflammation through TLR Signaling

By Robert Caesar, V. Tremaroli, P. Kovatcheva-Datchary, P. D. Cani, Fredrik Bäckhed. Cell Metabolism, 2015

862 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Summary Dietary lipids may influence the abundance of circulating inflammatory microbial factors. Hence, inflammation in white adipose tissue (WAT) induced by dietary lipids may be partly dependent on their interaction with the gut microbiota. Here, we show that mice fed lard for 11 weeks have increased Toll-like receptor (TLR) activation and WAT inflammation and reduced insulin sensitivity compared with mice fed fish oil and that phenotypic differences between the dietary groups can be partly attributed to differences in microbiota composition. Trif−/− and Myd88−/− mice are protected against lard-induced WAT inflammation and impaired insulin sensitivity. Experiments in germ-free mice show that an interaction between gut microbiota and saturated lipids promotes WAT inflammation independent of adiposity. Finally, we demonstrate that the chemokine CCL2 contributes to microbiota-induced WAT inflammation in lard-fed mice. These results indicate that gut microbiota exacerbates metabolic inflammation through TLR signaling upon challenge with a diet rich in saturated lipids.

Subfields: Epidemiology, Molecular Biology, Surgery

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/9b1f778cd15aff085e8f9a1f0b7d5b1d1edfde0e

How researchers see this paper

The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.

In Epidemiology

1. G. Svegliati-Baroni
2. F. Marra

In Molecular Biology

1. J. Whooley
2. G. Svegliati-Baroni
3. R. Ross
4. S. Egerton
5. F. Marra
6. C. Stanton
7. S. Culloty

In Surgery

1. G. Svegliati-Baroni
2. F. Marra
3. C. Stanton

Citations in the corpus

• Mechanisms and consequences of intestinal dysbiosis (2017, neutral): “Interestingly, feeding mice with saturated fat resulted in a higher production of LPS and higher activation of Toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 and TLR2 than feeding with unsaturated fat [46].”
• Impact of Omega-3 Fatty Acids on the Gut Microbiota (2017, neutral): “Caesar et al. (2015) [57] C57Bl/6 Wild-type germ free mice High fat diet (45”
• The Gut Microbiota of Marine Fish (2018, positive): “A recent seminal study used a rat model to show how fat type (saturated animal lard vs. polyunsaturated fish oil) altered the gut microbiota and in turn affected white adipose tissue (WAT) inflammation (Caesar et al., 2015).”
• Obesity and Cancer Mechanisms: Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation. (2016, neutral): “diets high in saturated fat can alter intestinal microbiota, leading to TLR activation, WAT inflammation, and insulin resistance.(48) Additionally, commensal intestinal microorganisms can drive systemic IL-6 production via TLR5 and promote tumor growth.”
• Lipotoxicity and the gut-liver axis in NASH pathogenesis. (2018, positive): “Of note, the microbiota is an additional site where lipotoxic lipids contribute to the pathogenesis of diseases associated with altered metabolism [11], as outlined in further detail in the second part of this review.”
• Dietary lipids, gut microbiota and lipid metabolism (2019, neutral): “In another study where mice fed a high-fat diet containing lard, rich in saturated fat, were compared to mice fed a isocaloric high-fat diet containing fish oil, rich in n-3 PUFA, it was found that phylogenetic diversity and abundance of the beneficial bacteria Akkermansia muciniphila, Lactobacillus”
• Anti-Inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Effects of Probiotics in Gut Inflammation: A Door to the Body (2021, positive): “Interestingly, the authors show that the health-promoting effect is mediated by the microbiota since the transfer of gut microbes from unsaturated to saturated fat-fed mice reduces white adipose tissue inflammation (51).”