The effect of linguistic proficiency, age of second language acquisition, and length of exposure to a new cultural environment on bilinguals' divergent thinking

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The effect of bilingualism on creativity: Developmental and educational perspectives (2013, background): “These studies provide important insights into the potential role of bilingualism in the development of cognitive abilities and skills such as divergent thinking (Kasof, 1997; Kharkhurin, 2008) and creativity (Adesope et al., 2010; Ricciardelli, 1992a; Simonton, 2008).”
The effect of multilingualism/multiculturalism on personality: no gain without pain for Third Culture Kids? (2009, background): “Bilingualism has also been linked to an advantage in divergent thinking (Kharkhurin, 2008).”
The Effects of Foreign Language Learning on Creativity (2012, background): “Kharkhurin (2008) found that Russian-English bilingual immigrants in the U.S. showed superiority in fluency aspect of divergent thinking.”
How Dual-Identity Processes Foster Creativity (2014, background): “In fact, because the majority of biculturals are bilingual,3 and vice versa, superior creative performance has been uncovered in both biculturalism and bilingualism studies (Kharkhurin, 2008, 2011; Maddux & Galinsky, 2009; Tadmor et al., 2012).”
Multilingualism, empathy and multicompetence (2012, background): “Indeed, multilingualism has been linked to creative behaviour and divergent thinking (Kharkhurin, 2008, 2010).”