Report on a general problem-solving program

By Allen Newell, J. Shaw, Herbert A. Simon. 1959

Subfields: Prompting & Reasoning, Knowledge Graphs & Representation

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Citations in the corpus

Explainable Multi-hop Verbal Reasoning Through Internal Monologue (2021, methodology): “ning/reasoning paradigm that is designed to mimic the human reasoning process, the General Problem Solver (GPS) (Newell et al., 1959), then propose our neural implementation of it.”
On the Binding Problem in Artificial Neural Networks (2020, background): “Early examples included tree-search over abstract state spaces such as the General Problem Solver (Newell et al., 1959) for theorem proving, or chess (Campbell et al., 2002); Expert systems that made use of decision trees to perform narrow problem solving for hardware design (Sollow et al., 1987) an”
Annotating Derivations: A New Evaluation Strategy and Dataset for Algebra Word Problems (2016, background): “Automatically solving math reasoning problems is a long-pursued goal of AI (Newell et al., 1959; Bobrow, 1964).”
Facts as Experts: Adaptable and Interpretable Neural Memory over Symbolic Knowledge (2020, background): “Knowledge bases (KBs) have been a core component of AI since the beginning of the field (Newell and Simon, 1956; Newell et al., 1959).”
A review of methods for automatic understanding of natural language mathematical problems (2008, background): “In late 1950s, Newell et al. (1959) developed the earliest predecessor of the automatic problem solver.”
DRAW: A Challenging and Diverse Algebra Word Problem Set (2015, background): “Developing automatic solvers which can solve simple mathematical reasoning problems is a long pursued sub-goal of AI (Newell et al., 1959; Bobrow, 1964; Mukherjee and Garain, 2008).”
Quo vadis artificial intelligence? (2022, methodology): “They compiled a general problem-solving program, which could be used to solve 11 different types of problems [24].”
A Concise Introduction to Models and Methods for Automated Planning (2013, background): “Planning is also one of the oldest areas in AI with the General Problem Solver being the first automated planner and one of the first AI programs [Newell et al., 1959].”
SOME PHILOSOPHICAL PROBLEMS FROM THE STANDPOINT OF ARTI CIAL INTELLIGENCE (1987, background): “the General Problem Solver ( Newell et. al. 1959, Newell and Simon 1961).”
Developing a unifying framework of credibility assessment: Construct, heuristics, and interaction in context (2008, background): “Heuristics are practical rules or guidelines that aid in problem solving, decision making, and discovery ( Newell, Shaw, & Simon, 1960 ), and as such tend to reduce mental effort (Petty & Cacioppo, 1986; Sundar, 2007).”
Reasoning Over Virtual Knowledge Bases With Open Predicate Relations (2021, background): “While KBs have been a key component of artificial intelligence since the field’s inception (Newell & Simon, 1956; Newell et al., 1959) broad-coverage KBs are inevitably incomplete (Min et al., 2013), despite efforts to automate their creation through text extraction (Angeli et al., 2015; Mitchell…”
A survey on empathetic dialogue systems (2020, background): “Efforts on building a structured knowledge base can be dated back to the 1950s [128] where the knowledge is represented in a set of rules expressing permissible transformation operations.”
Text-based adventures of the golovin AI agent (2017, background): “Solver, the task stated nearly six decades ago [28].”