Gibberellin regulates Arabidopsis seed germination via RGL2, a GAI/RGA-like gene whose expression is up-regulated following imbibition.

By Sorcheng Lee, Hui-mei Cheng, K. E. King, Weefuen Wang, Yawen He, Alamgir Hussain, Jane Lo, N. Harberd, Jinrong Peng. Genes & Development, 2002

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The germination of Arabidopsis seeds is promoted by gibberellin (GA). Arabidopsis GAI, and RGA are genes encoding key GA signal-transduction components (GAI and RGA) that mediate GA regulation of stem elongation. The Arabidopsis genome contains two further genes, RGL1 and RGL2, that encode proteins (RGL1 and RGL2) that are closely related to GAI and RGA. Here, we show that RGL2 regulates seed germination in response to GA, and that RGL1, GAI, and RGA do not. In addition, we show that RGL2 transcript levels rise rapidly following seed imbibition, and then decline rapidly as germination proceeds. In situ GUS staining revealed that RGL2 expression in imbibed seeds is restricted to elongating regions of pre-emergent and recently emerged radicles. These observations indicate that RGL2 is a negative regulator of GA responses that acts specifically to control seed germination rather than stem elongation. Furthermore, as RGL2 expression is imbibition inducible, RGL2 may function as an integrator of environmental and endogenous cues to control seed germination.

Subfields: Molecular Biology, Plant Science

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/95cc7d3828f462a5bb54c8110f7bf4f27c7a0a4f

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Citations in the corpus

Plant hormone-mediated regulation of stress responses (2016, background): “Thus, RGL2 has been proposed as the main DELLA protein that needs to be inactivated during GA-induced breaking of dormancy [85, 86].”
An “Electronic Fluorescent Pictograph” Browser for Exploring and Analyzing Large-Scale Biological Data Sets (2007, background): “Both areas for RGL2 expression have been described in the literature [13,14].”
Seed vigour and crop establishment: extending performance beyond adaptation. (2016, positive): “Central to the repression of seed germination are the DELLA proteins (Lee et al., 2002; Bassel et al., 2004), which are degraded in response to the perception of the hormone gibberellin (GA) (Harberd et al.”
Seed Dormancy and Germination (2008, background): “Lee, S., Cheng, H., King, K.E., Wang, W., He, Y., Hussain, A., Lo, J., Harberd, N.P., and Peng, J. (2002) Gibberellin regulates Arabidopsis seed germination via RGL2, a GAI/RGA-like gene whose expression is upregulated following imbibition.”
Global Analysis of DELLA Direct Targets in Early Gibberellin Signaling in Arabidopsis[W] (2007, background): “GA-promoted seed germination is mainly regulated by RGL2, although the remaining DELLA genes also play a minor role (Lee et al., 2002; Wen and Chang, 2002; Tyler et al., 2004; Cao et al., 2005; Tyler, 2006).”
Arabidopsis MYC2 Interacts with DELLA Proteins in Regulating Sesquiterpene Synthase Gene Expression[W][OA] (2012, background): “In Arabidopsis, there are five DELLAs: GIBBERELLIC ACID INSENSITIVE (GAI), REPRESSOR OF GA1-3 (RGA), RGA-like1 (RGL1), RGL2, and RGL3 (Peng et al., 1997; Silverstone et al., 2001; Lee et al., 2002; Tyler et al., 2004).”
The Arabidopsis SLEEPY1 Gene Encodes a Putative F-Box Subunit of an SCF E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Online version contains Web-only data. Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at www.plantcell.org/cgi/doi/10.1105/tpc.010827. (2003, background): “RGL2 is a negative regulator of germination whose transcript levels are increased transiently during dormant seed imbibition (Lee et al., 2002).”
Jasmonate‐regulated Arabidopsis stress signalling network (2005, background): “In Arabidopsis, the DELLA proteins are encoded by a family of five genes, GAI (gibberellic acid insensitive), RGA (repressor of ga1-3) and three different repressors of ga1-3-like genes (RGL1, RGL2 and RGL3) (Peng et al. 1997; Silverstone et al. 1998; Dill et al. 2001; Lee et al. 2002).”
Seed Germination—The Biochemical and Molecular Mechanisms (2006, background): “The repressors are called DELLA proteins, and one of them, RGL2, plays a critical role in seed germination (Lee et al. 2002, Tyler et al. 2004).”
The Cold-Inducible CBF1 Factor–Dependent Signaling Pathway Modulates the Accumulation of the Growth-Repressing DELLA Proteins via Its Effect on Gibberellin Metabolism[W] (2008, background): “The Arabidopsis genome encodes five DELLAs (GA-INSENSITIVE [GAI], REPRESSOROFGA1-3 [RGA], RGA-LIKE1 [RGL1], RGL2, and RGL3) that all share the DELLA motif in their N-terminal domain (Peng et al., 1997; Dill and Sun, 2001; Silverstone et al., 2001; Lee et al., 2002; Wen and Chang, 2002).”