Annual Report to the Nation on the Status of Cancer, 1975–2009, Featuring the Burden and Trends in Human Papillomavirus (HPV)–Associated Cancers and HPV Vaccination Coverage Levels

By A. Jemal, Edgar P. Simard, Christina G. Dorell, A. Noone, L. Markowitz, B. Kohler, C. Eheman, M. Saraiya, Priti Bandi, D. Saslow and 8 more. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 2013

1,130 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Background The American Cancer Society (ACS), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the National Cancer Institute (NCI), and the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries (NAACCR) collaborate annually to provide updates on cancer incidence and death rates and trends in these outcomes for the United States. This year’s report includes incidence trends for human papillomavirus (HPV)–associated cancers and HPV vaccination (recommended for adolescents aged 11–12 years). Methods Data on cancer incidence were obtained from the CDC, NCI, and NAACCR, and data on mortality were obtained from the CDC. Long- (1975/1992–2009) and short-term (2000–2009) trends in age-standardized incidence and death rates for all cancers combined and for the leading cancers among men and among women were examined by joinpoint analysis. Prevalence of HPV vaccination coverage during 2008 and 2010 and of Papanicolaou (Pap) testing during 2010 were obtained from national surveys. Results Death rates continued to decline for all cancers combined for men and women of all major racial and ethnic groups and for most major cancer sites; rates for both sexes combined decreased by 1.5% per year from 2000 to 2009. Overall incidence rates decreased in men but stabilized in women. Incidence rates increased for two HPV-associated cancers (oropharynx, anus) and some cancers not associated with HPV (eg, liver, kidney, thyroid). Nationally, 32.0% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 30.3% to 33.6%) of girls aged 13 to 17 years in 2010 had received three doses of the HPV vaccine, and coverage was statistically significantly lower among the uninsured (14.1%, 95% CI = 9.4% to 20.6%) and in some Southern states (eg, 20.0% in Alabama [95% CI = 13.9% to 27.9%] and Mississippi [95% CI = 13.8% to 28.2%]), where cervical cancer rates were highest and recent Pap testing prevalence was the lowest. Conclusions The overall trends in declining cancer death rates continue. However, increases in incidence rates for some HPV-associated cancers and low vaccination coverage among adolescents underscore the need for additional prevention efforts for HPV-associated cancers, including efforts to increase vaccination coverage.

Subfields: Epidemiology, Oncology, Otorhinolaryngology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/9557fb6e7aebf91f23e7b36b4854e4b1b83e9a76

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In Epidemiology

1. A. Jemal
2. R. Siegel
3. F. Bray
4. J. Ferlay

In Oncology

1. A. Jemal
2. R. Siegel
3. J. Ferlay
4. F. Bray
5. Lindsey A. Torre
6. J. Lortet-Tieulent
7. Jiemin Ma
8. L. Matrisian

Citations in the corpus

• Global cancer statistics, 2012 (2015, positive): “The incidence of NHL increased in the majority of more developed countries up to around 1990 and leveled off thereafter.(123,126) Although the increase may be due in part to improvements in diagnostic procedures and changes in classification, much of the trend may reflect a true increase in disease ”
• European cancer mortality predictions for the year 2014. (2014, background): “This may be partly related to the rise in obesity in the United States.”
• Projecting cancer incidence and deaths to 2030: the unexpected burden of thyroid, liver, and pancreas cancers in the United States. (2014, background): “Overall, the cancer-related death rate has been decreasing as a result of improved screening and therapeutic approaches to many cancer types (4, 5).”
• Annual Report to the Nation on the Status of Cancer, part I: National cancer statistics (2018, background): “This article has been contributed to by US Government employees, and their work is in the public domain in the United States.”
• Annual Report to the Nation on the Status of Cancer, 1975–2011, Featuring Incidence of Breast Cancer Subtypes by Race/Ethnicity, Poverty, and State (2015, neutral): “Mortality rates for oral cancer stabilized in men, after decreasing since the late 1970s, likely reflecting the increase in incidence rates for HPVassociated subsites that offsets the decrease in the rates for smoking related subsites (3).”
• The somatic genomic landscape of chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (2014, background): “Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (ChRCC) is a subtype of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), representing 5% of this heterogeneous group of cancers arising from the nephron (Störkel et al., 1997), with 3,000 new cases annually in the United States (Jemal et al., 2013).”
• Socioeconomic and Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Cancer Mortality, Incidence, and Survival in the United States, 1950–2014: Over Six Decades of Changing Patterns and Widening Inequalities (2017, background): “Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality, and colorectal, prostate, and breast cancers are among the most commonly diagnosed cancers; these sites, along with stomach, liver, esophageal, and cervical cancer, contribute greatly to the overall cancer burden in the US [3, 21, 22, 25, 26].”