An ambivalent alliance. Hostile and benevolent sexism as complementary justifications for gender inequality.

By Peter Glick, Susan T. Fiske. 2001

1,874 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Subfields: Gender Studies, Sociology and Political Science, Social Sciences & Humanities

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Citations in the corpus

Gender, emotion and power in work relationships (2011, background): “Partners who hold traditional gender role expectations are less likely to view women as having competence, power and influence (Carli, 2001; Glick & Fiske, 1996, 2001), and therefore may be more susceptible to the gendering of emotion effects than partners who do not adhere to traditional role…”
Gender Differences in Leader Emergence Persist Even for Dominant Women: An Updated Confirmation of Role Congruity Theory1 (2004, background): “…prejudicial attitudes involving both sexism and racism, there is growing evidence that overtly hostile expressions are declining at the same time that more subtle indicators continue to detect evidence of bias (Dovidio & Gaertner, 1986; Benokraitis, 1997; Swim & Cohen, 1997; Glick & Fiske, 2001).”
Gender differences in intimate partner violence outcomes. (2012, background): “Golding’s (1999) meta-analysis found the average prevalence of alcohol abuse among female victims of IPV was almost 20%, with greater percentages noted in shelter samples compared to national or health care setting samples. The weighted average prevalence across samples of drug abuse in female victi”
Conservative Ideology and Ambivalent Sexism (2006, background): “Both hostile and benevolent sexist ideologies maintain inequalities between men and women (Glick & Fiske, 2001) and have been positively correlated with each other (e.g., Abrams et al., 2003; Begany & Milburn, 2002; Glick et al., 2000).”
Complementary justice: effects of "poor but happy" and "poor but honest" stereotype exemplars on system justification and implicit activation of the justice motive. (2003, methodology): “This methodological limitation also applies to previous studies of stereotyping as rationalization (e.g., Eagly & Steffen, 1984; Glick & Fiske, 2001; Complementary Justice 9 Hoffman & Hurst, 1990).”
First- and Second-Generation Measures of Sexism, Rape Myths and Related Beliefs, and Hostility Toward Women (2004, background): “Although much sexism, particularly blatant sexism, is unquestionably hostile, Glick and Fiske (1996, 2001), like Eagly and Mladinic (1989, 1993), point out that all traditional sexist attitudes are not hostile.”
Microdynamics in diverse teams: A review and integration of the diversity and stereotyping literatures (2017, background): “Further, stereotypes can legitimize inequality and uphold a belief of a just world by ascribing different qualities to members of advantaged and disadvantaged groups (Glick & Fiske, 2001; Jost & Banaji, 1994).”
Exposure to benevolent sexism and complementary gender stereotypes: consequences for specific and diffuse forms of system justification. (2005, neutral): “Our results therefore lend some credence to previous suspicions that the " women are wonderful " effect documented by Eagly and Mladinic (1989, 1993) is similar, at least in its consequences, to benevolent paternalism (Glick & Fiske, 2001; Jackman, 1994).”
Raising Male Privilege Awareness and Reducing Sexism: An Evaluation of Diversity Courses (2007, methodology): “This form of subtle sexism characterizes women as “pure creatures who ought to be protected, supported, and adored and whose love is necessary to make a man complete” (Glick & Fiske, 2001, p. 109).”
Role congruity theory of prejudice toward female leaders. (2002, background): “Departing from traditional ideas about prejudice toward women, Glick and Fiske (1996, 2001) developed a theory of ambivalent sexism that encompasses both positivity and negativity toward women.”
A Decade of System Justification Theory: Accumulated Evidence of Conscious and Unconscious Bolstering of the Status Quo (2004, background): “Glick and Fiske (2001) similarly criticized Allport's (1954) popular definition of prejudice as antipathy for failing to explain benevolent forms of sexism.”
The his and hers of prosocial behavior: an examination of the social psychology of gender. (2009, background): “With cultural roots in medieval codes of chivalry, such norms have survived in common paternalistic beliefs and behaviors (Glick & Fiske, 2001).”
No Place for Nostalgia in Science: A Response to Arkes and Tetlock (2004, neutral): “Psychologists used to think of the concept of prejudice as prominently containing the property of animus or antipathy, but that is no longer assumed to be a necessary condition (Dovidio, Glick, & Rudman, in press; Glick & Fiske, 2001a, 2001b; Jackman, 1994).”
The burden of benevolent sexism: how it contributes to the maintenance of gender inequalities (2005, background): “Finally, in international comparisons, the national level of endorsement of benevolent sexism is related to United Nations indicators of gender inequality such as the participation of women in the economy and in politics (Glick et al., 2000; Glick & Fiske, 2001a).”