Multiple control of interleukin‐8 gene expression
By E. Hoffmann, O. Dittrich‐Breiholz, H. Holtmann, M. Kracht. Journal of Leukocyte Biology, 2002
1,141 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Interleukin (IL)‐8, a prototypic human chemokine, was detected more than a decade ago as the founding member of the chemokine superfamily. One of the most remarkable properties of IL‐8 is the variation of its expression levels. In healthy tissues, IL‐8 is barely detectable, but it is rapidly induced by ten‐ to 100‐fold in response to proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor or IL‐1, bacterial or viral products, and cellular stress. Recently, significant advances in the understanding of signaling pathways, which coordinately regulate IL‐8 transcription as well as mRNA stabilization in response to external stimuli, have been made. Maximal IL‐8 amounts are generated by a combination of three different mechanisms: first, derepression of the gene promoter; second, transcriptional activation of the gene by nuclear factor‐κB and JUN‐N‐terminal protein kinase pathways; and third, stabilization of the mRNA by the p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase pathway. In that way, cells are able to rapidly increase and at the same time, to fine‐tune the amount of IL‐8 secreted and thereby control the extent of leukocytes attracted to sites of tissue injury.
Subfields: Cancer Research, Oncology
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/8c7b3d7086e16db61141c8ffa44636169e8f6632
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Citations in the corpus
- Mechanisms of Action and Clinical Application of Macrolides as Immunomodulatory Medications (2010, neutral): “cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis (93, 345).”
- Role of the CXCL8-CXCR1/2 Axis in Cancer and Inflammatory Diseases (2017, neutral): “Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 6 (MKK6) selectively activates p38 MAPK by phosphorylating a threonine and a tyrosine in the activation loop [27, 36].”
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- Interleukin-1 (IL-1) Pathway (2010, background): “IL-8 (in humans), and IkBα and IL-6 (both in humans and mice), represent three IL-1–inducible transcripts, the abundance of which is rapidly increased by this mechanism in multiple cell types (89, 100–103). p38 MAPK mediates mRNA stabilization and translation of newly made transcripts by inhibiting ”
- Increased Number of Islet-Associated Macrophages in Type 2 Diabetes (2007, neutral): “One of the most classical chemotactic agents in immunology is the CXC family chemokine, interleukin (IL)-8 (CXCL8) (6).”