Vitamin D and type 2 diabetes: a systematic review
By J. Mitri, M. Muraru, AG Pittas. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2011
600 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Background/Objectives:Vitamin D may modify the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The aim of this review was to examine the association between vitamin D status and incident type 2 diabetes, and the effect of vitamin D supplementation on glycemic outcomes.Methods:We performed a systematic review of English-language studies using MEDLINE through February 2011. Longitudinal cohort studies reporting associations between vitamin D status and incident type 2 diabetes, and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of vitamin D supplementation, were included. Study characteristics and results were extracted, and study quality was assessed.Results:A total of 8 observational cohort studies and 11 RCTs were included. In meta-analyses of observational studies, vitamin D intake >500 international units (IU)/day decreased the risk of type 2 diabetes by 13% compared with vitamin D intake <200 IU/day. Individuals with the highest vitamin D status (>25 ng/ml) had a 43% lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes (95% confidence interval 24, 57%) compared with those in the lowest group (<14 ng/ml). In post hoc analyses from eight trials among participants with normal glucose tolerance at baseline and in three small underpowered (n=32–62) trials of patients with established type 2 diabetes, there was no effect of vitamin D supplementation on glycemic outcomes. In two trials among patients with baseline glucose intolerance, vitamin D supplementation improved insulin resistance.Conclusions:Vitamin D may play a role in type 2 diabetes; however, to better define the role of vitamin D in the development and progression of type 2 diabetes, high-quality observational studies and RCTs that measure blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration and clinically relevant glycemic outcomes are needed.
Subfields: Emergency Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/896d5e41eb289ef8871402c526b7acfc19f48c48
How researchers see this paper
The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.
In Emergency Medicine
In Pathology and Forensic Medicine
In Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Citations in the corpus
- Vitamin D and cardiovascular disease. (2014, background): “Despite the experimental and human observational evidence implicating vitamin D in diabetes mellitus, interventional studies have been inconsistent or inconclusive.(142,143)”
- Vitamin D—Effects on Skeletal and Extraskeletal Health and the Need for Supplementation (2013, background): “A meta-analysis examining the association between vitamin D status or vitamin D supplementation, and incident type 2 diabetes showed that individuals with 25(OH)D levels >25 ng/mL compared to those with 25(OH)D <14 ng/mL had a 43% lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes and that a vitamin D supplem”
- The nonskeletal effects of vitamin D: an Endocrine Society scientific statement. (2012, background): “More recently, a large case-control study in Italy of women aged 20–74 yr found an inverse association between vitamin D intake and risk for breast cancer, with an apparent threshold at intakes of 188 IU/d or greater (177).”