Constant replenishment from circulating monocytes maintains the macrophage pool in adult intestine

By C. Bain, A. Bravo-Blas, Charlotte L. Scott, Elisa Gomez Perdiguero, F. Geissmann, S. Henri, B. Malissen, L. Osborne, D. Artis, A. Mowat. Nature Immunology, 2014

696 citations recorded by the source corpus.

The paradigm that macrophages that reside in steady-state tissues are derived from embryonic precursors has never been investigated in the intestine, which contains the largest pool of macrophages. Using fate-mapping models and monocytopenic mice, together with bone marrow chimera and parabiotic models, we found that embryonic precursor cells seeded the intestinal mucosa and demonstrated extensive in situ proliferation during the neonatal period. However, these cells did not persist in the intestine of adult mice. Instead, they were replaced around the time of weaning by the chemokine receptor CCR2–dependent influx of Ly6Chi monocytes that differentiated locally into mature, anti-inflammatory macrophages. This process was driven largely by the microbiota and had to be continued throughout adult life to maintain a normal intestinal macrophage pool.

Subfields: Immunology, Molecular Biology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/892925e45dd70247cbcc724a53ed813c8b6222dc

How researchers see this paper

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In Immunology

1. M. Guilliams
2. Florent Ginhoux
3. F. Powrie
4. A. Misharin
5. P. Murray

In Molecular Biology

1. F. Powrie

Citations in the corpus

• Tissue-Resident Macrophage Ontogeny and Homeostasis. (2016, background): “Tissue macrophages that are maintained by adult circulating precursors include the intestine (Bain et al., 2014), dermis (Tamoutounour et al., 2013), heart (Epelman et al., 2014; Molawi et al., 2014), and pancreas macrophages (Calderon et al., 2015).”
• The Short Chain Fatty Acid Butyrate Imprints an Antimicrobial Program in Macrophages (2019, background): “Thus, circulating monocytes enter the gut and undergo final differentiation in the lamina propria to become mature, highly phagocytic macrophages capable of bactericidal activity via mechanisms such as NADPH-oxidase-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antimicrobial peptides and proteins (Bain ”
• The role of macrophages in the resolution of inflammation. (2019, background): “Unlike tissue-resident macrophages in many other organs, many macrophage populations in the gut are constantly replenished by classical Ly6Chi circulating monocytes to maintain the intestinal macrophage pool (14, 120).”