Distinct roles for direct and indirect pathway striatal neurons in reinforcement

By Alexxai V. Kravitz, Lynne D. Tye, A. Kreitzer. Nature Neuroscience, 2012

920 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Dopamine signaling is implicated in reinforcement learning, but the neural substrates targeted by dopamine are poorly understood. We bypassed dopamine signaling itself and tested how optogenetic activation of dopamine D1 or D2 receptor–expressing striatal projection neurons influenced reinforcement learning in mice. Stimulating D1 receptor–expressing neurons induced persistent reinforcement, whereas stimulating D2 receptor–expressing neurons induced transient punishment, indicating that activation of these circuits is sufficient to modify the probability of performing future actions.

Subfields: Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Molecular Biology, Social Psychology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/88c882e835f3a08d4baf44869f64f1ad53cdf9b2

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Citations in the corpus

Neuronal Reward and Decision Signals: From Theories to Data. (2015, positive): “The learning may involve striatal dopamine receptors, as optogenetic stimulation of D1 receptor expressing striatal neurons induces approach learning and stimulation of D2 receptor containing striatal neurons induces avoidance learning (FIGURE 19F) (293).”
Synaptic and Behavioral Profile of Multiple Glutamatergic Inputs to the Nucleus Accumbens (2012, positive): “As in the dorsal striatum, these two output pathways have been shown to encode conflicting behavioral signals (Kravitz et al., 2012; Lobo et al., 2010).”
The Brain on Drugs: From Reward to Addiction. (2015, positive): “The direct pathway is associated with reward, whereas the indirect one is associated with punishment (Hikida et al., 2010; Kravitz et al., 2012).”
A computational model of inhibitory control in frontal cortex and basal ganglia. (2011, neutral): “…& Hikosaka, 2006; Palminteri et al., 2009; Voon et al., 2010), and synaptic plasticity and opto-genetic and genetic engineering studies in rodents (Hikida, Kimura, Wada, Funabiki, & Nakanishi, 2010; Kravitz et al., 2010; Kravitz, Tye, & Kreitzer, 2012; Shen, Flajolet, Greengard, & Surmeier, 2008).”
Molecular Diversity and Specializations among the Cells of the Adult Mouse Brain (2018, positive): “Expression of markers associated with canonical SPNs suggests eSPNs have been molecularly ‘‘camouflaged,’’ including in studies using mice that have employed Drd1- and Adora2a- driven transgenes to label and manipulate dSPNs or iSPNs (Heiman et al., 2008; Kozorovitskiy et al., 2012; Kravitz et al., ”
Opponent actor learning (OpAL): modeling interactive effects of striatal dopamine on reinforcement learning and choice incentive. (2014, positive): “Finally, Kravitz et al. (2012) reported that learning induced by D2 MSN stimulation was less robust and rapidly extinguished relative to D1 MSN stimulation.”
The nucleus accumbens: an interface between cognition, emotion, and action. (2015, positive): “…of these receptors are less well characterized and are not a focus of this review. populations of NAc neurons express only D 1 or D 2 receptors (though some populations express both), and studies of the ventral and dorsal striatum suggest that avoidance) (Kravitz et al. 2012, Lobo et al. 2010).”