Microbes, Microbiota and Colon Cancer

By C. Sears, W. Garrett. Cell Host and Microbe, 2014

756 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Summary Colorectal cancer (CRC) presents a considerable disease burden worldwide. The human colon is also an anatomical location with the largest number of microbes. It is natural therefore to anticipate a role for microbes, particularly bacteria, in colorectal carcinogenesis. The increasing accessibility of microbial meta’omics is fueling a surge in our understanding of the role that microbes and the microbiota play in CRC. In this review, we will discuss recent insights into contributions of the microbiota to CRC and explore conceptual frameworks for evaluating the role of microbes in cancer causation. We also highlight new findings on candidate CRC-potentiating species and current knowledge gaps. Finally, we explore the roles of microbial metabolism as it relates to bile acids, xenobiotics, and diet in the etiology and therapeutics of CRC.

Subfields: Molecular Biology, Oncology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/87e47958fe53d4edbadef05403c13a76c093de9f

How researchers see this paper

The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.

In Molecular Biology

1. D. Hanahan
2. L. Zitvogel
3. Guido Kroemer
4. Harry Sokol
5. S. Formenti
6. Didier Raoult
7. W. Garrett
8. L. Galluzzi

In Oncology

1. Guido Kroemer
2. L. Zitvogel
3. E. Golden
4. D. Hanahan
5. S. Formenti
6. W. Garrett
7. L. Galluzzi
8. Rakesh K. Jain

Citations in the corpus

• Fap2 Mediates Fusobacterium nucleatum Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Enrichment by Binding to Tumor-Expressed Gal-GalNAc (2016, background): “…cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States (Siegel et al., 2015), and microbes have emerged as key factors that influence the development, progression, and response to treatment of CRC (Garrett, 2015; Sears and Garrett, 2014; Thomas and Jobin, 2015).”
• Hallmarks of Cancer: New Dimensions. (2022, background): “In recent years, persuasive functional studies, involving fecal transplants from colon tumor–bearing patients and mice into recipient mice predisposed to develop colon cancer has established a principle: there are both cancer-protective and tumor-promoting microbiomes, involving particular bacterial”
• Binding of the Fap2 Protein of Fusobacterium nucleatum to Human Inhibitory Receptor TIGIT Protects Tumors from Immune Cell Attack (2015, background): “Bacteria found within tumors, for example F. nucleatum, were shown to promote tumor proliferation and enhance tumor progression (Jobin, 2013; Sears and Garrett, 2014).”
• The Dynamics of the Human Infant Gut Microbiome in Development and in Progression towards Type 1 Diabetes (2015, neutral): “Lithocholic acid, similar to deoxycholic acid, is a secondary bile acid that promotes intestinal inflammation by eliciting reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and activating NF-kB activity in intestinal epithelial cells (Lee et al., 2004; Mühlbauer et al., 2004; Payne et al., 2007; Sears and Garret”
• Gut mucosal microbiome across stages of colorectal carcinogenesis (2015, methodology): “Samples originating from Chinese populations in Guangzhou and Beijing were collected through routine colonoscopy services for conventional indications, including (1) CRC symptoms such as haematochezia, tarry stool, change in bowel habit or weight loss; (2) positive faecal occult blood; (3) abnormal ”