Dehumanization: An Integrative Review

By Nick Haslam. 2006

2,626 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Subfields: Social Psychology, Sociology and Political Science

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Citations in the corpus

Uncertain Self in a Changing World: A Foundation for Radicalisation, Populism, and Autocratic Leadership (2020, background): “…be added marked ethnocentrism (Brewer & Campbell, 1976), accentuated mistrust and fear of outsiders (Stephan, 2014), a view of normative group attributes as fixed underlying essences (essentialism – Haslam et al., 2006) and the potential to dehumanise outgroups (Haslam, 2006; Haslam et al., 2008).”
Subhuman, inhuman, and superhuman: Contrasting humans with nonhumans in three cultures (2008, background): “Most basically, they offer support for the contents of the human/animal and human/robot contrasts proposed in our model (Haslam, 2006).”
Implicitly Abusive Language – What does it actually look like and why are we not getting there? (2021, background): “While Haslam and Loughnan (2016) propose a fairly comprehensive set of different properties that characterize de-humanization, we focus on the most commonly accepted property of likening members of the target group to non-human entities (Haslam, 2006), such as machines, animals or diseases.”
Dehumanization and infrahumanization. (2014, methodology): “In an effort to integrate infrahumanization theory with previous work on dehumanization, Haslam (2006) developed a new model.”
Emotional Barriers to Peace: Emotions and Public Opinion of Jewish Israelis About the Peace Process in the Middle East (2011, background): “In most cases, ingroup members appraise the outgroup behavior as stemming from a deep-rooted, permanent, evil character (Ben-Zeev, 1992); and, as a result, hatred is associated with high levels of delegitimization and dehumanization of the hated outgroup (Haslam, 2006).”
The unique effects of blatant dehumanization on attitudes and behavior towards Muslim refugees during the European ‘refugee crisis’ across four countries (2018, background): “…that even when individuals prefer their group to all others, they may not necessarily perceive it to be the paragon of humanity, perhaps because they view other groups as higher on elements central to full humanity like cognitive sophistication, re-ﬁ nement, or rationality (Haslam, 2006).”
Unpacking the inequality paradox: The psychological roots of inequality and social class. (2018, background): “…stereotypes prompt patterns of distancing across domains such as person memory (Taylor, Fiske, Etoff, & Ruderman, 1978), interpersonal judgment (e.g., dehumanization; Haslam, 2006), and approach-related behavior (e.g., Kraus &Keltner, 2009) is an important avenue for future exploration.”
The mind in the machine: Anthropomorphism increases trust in an autonomous vehicle (2014, background): “…lay theories of humanness show that people define humanness in terms of emotions that implicate higher order mental process such as self-awareness and memory (e.g., humiliation, nostalgia ; Leyens et al., 2000) and traits that involve cognition and emotion (e.g., analytic, insecure; Haslam, 2006).”
Excluded from humanity: The dehumanizing effects of social ostracism (2010, methodology): “In theory (Haslam, 2006), it has a relational component and commonly occurs in the context of ‘asocial’ or ‘null’ interactions (Fiske, 1991) where people ‘‘disregard”
It’s okay to shoot a character: Moral disengagement in violent video games (2010, background): “…15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 868 Journal of Communication 59 (2009) 865–890 © 2009 International Communication Association T. Hartmann & P. Vorderer Moral Disengagement neglect of a character’s moral status and human essence (Haslam, 2006).”
The social neuroscience of intergroup relations (2008, background): “For example, Harris and Fiske (2006) proposed that mPFC activity is associated with the process of humanisation—viewing another individual as possessing agentic and uniquely human properties (Haslam, 2006).”
How Dehumanization Influences Attitudes toward Immigrants (2018, background): “Typically, dehumanization leads to increased disgust or contempt towards a dehumanized group (Haslam 2006).”
Attributing and denying humanness to others (2008, methodology): “…of genocide victims as vermin, psychiatry’s mechanistic explanations of human suffering, standardised educational testing, and the attitudes of abortion doctors towards foetuses (for a review of previous literature on dehumanisation, including prominent psychological theories, see Haslam, 2006).”
The humanity of what we eat: Conceptions of human uniqueness among vegetarians and omnivores† (2011, background): “The list of 40 characteristics adapted from studies on two dimensions of humanness (Haslam, 2006; Haslam & Bain, 2007; Haslam et al., 2005; Loughnan & Haslam, 2007) was pretested on 74 university students in Poland (71 omnivore, 3 undeclared) in order to find which characteristics are perceived amon”
Socio–Psychological Barriers to Peace Making: The Case of the Israeli Jewish Society (2010, background): “In most cases of hatred, in-group members appraise the out-group behavior as stemming from a deep-rooted, permanent evil character (Ben-Zeev, 1992) and even use high levels of delegitimization and dehumanization (Bar-Tal, 1990b; Haslam, 2006).”
Television's Role in the Culture of Violence Toward Women: A Study of Television Viewing and the Cultivation of Rape Myth Acceptance in the United States (2011, background): “The objectification of women occurs when women are stripped of autonomy and agency, and treated as lacking subjectivity, experience, or feeling (Haslam, 2006; Nussbaum, 1995).”